Purgatives And Laxatives Flashcards
The names used interchangeably for any drug that induce the passage of stool include
Laxative
Cathartic
Aperients
Evacuant
Classify laxatives
Prokinetic agents
Luminally active agents
Non specific stimulant / irritant
The fluid contains …….. % of
70-85%
Psyllium preparations is composed of …….
Mucilloids
Example of bulk forming agent
Bran
Fruits and vegetable
Psyllium preps
Methylcellulose
Calcium polycarbophil
Psyllium preps are rich in ……..
Hydrophilic mucilloids
Calcium polycarbophil is a ……..
Hydrophilic resin
What components of the luminally active of the luminally active substance that are fermented to have pro-kinetic effects
Mucilloids
Pectin
Cellulose
The pectin is fermented to ……….. which has pro kinetic effects
Small chain FA
The fermented mucilloids have pro-kinetic and trophic effects explain the trophic effect
The fermented pectins etc bring about an increase in colonic bacteria
The non fermentation or partially fermentation components like lignin have pro-kinetic properties T/F
True
Allergic reaction have been reported in ……. bulk forming agent
Psyllium prep
Bloating is associated with the bulk forming agents with …….
Fermentation agents
The contraindications for luminally active substances
Megacolon/ megarectum
Obstructive enteropathy
Purgatives containing aspartame are contraindicated in ……..
Patients with phenylketonuria
The osmotically active agents include
PEG -polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution
Magnesium preps ( magnesium sulfate, citrate, hydroxide,silicate)
Phosphate salte e.g sodium phosphate
Non digestible sugar and alcohol
( sorbitol ,mannitol,lactulose)
Describe the MOA of osmotically active agents
Osmotic absorption of water which creates a pool leading to increased peristalsis
Magnesium-containing agents that induce cholecystokinin release which aids fluid and electrolyte retention
Nondigestible sugar that results in prokinetic activity
The only available phenyl methane is ……..
Bisacodyl
Examples of phenyl methane include
Phenolphthalein hepatotoxicity
Oxyphenisatin hepatotoxicity
Sodium picosulfate
Bisacodyl
Bisacodyl is enterically coated T/F
True
Bisacodyl is available as oral and ……….
Rectal suppositories
The onset of action of rectal administration of bisacodyl is ……
30-60 minutes
Bisacodyl is activated by hydrolysis by ……….
Colonic esterase
5% of the absorbed bisacodyl is metabolised by ……
Hydrolysis followed by Glucuronidation and excreted in urine
The active form of bisacodyl is ……
Bi’s (p -hydroxyphenyl) pyridyl -2 methane
Nonabsorbable sugar fermentation is used in the treatment of …..
Drug-induced constipation, elderly constipation, and idiopathic chronic constipation
Lactulose is used as an adjunct treatment in the treatment of ……………. as it hydrolysis to short FA reduces …………. what is the MOA?
Chronic liver kidney
Intraluminal pH
The acidic pH allows the conversion of ammonia produced by colonic bacteria metabolism of fecal urea ammonium ions reducing the burden on the liver to detoxify ammonia
PEGS are employed in pre-procedure bowel preparations in ……
Radiology
Endoscopy
Surgery
Prokinetic agents are
Serotonin agonist( tegaserod)
Prostaglandin
Microtubule antagonist ( colchine)
Neurotrophin 3
The non specific or irritant substance are
Phenyl methane derivatives
Anthraquinones
Ricinoleic
Anthraquinone is derived from
Aloe
Cascara
Senna
