Alzheimer's Disease

Question 1

What is Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 1

It is a neurogenerative disease characterized by loss of memory function, perception, reasoning, planning

It includes symptoms like dementia, disorientation in time and space

Question 2

The regions of the brain most affected in alzheimer’s disease

Answer 2

Neocortex
Basal forebrain
Amygdala
Hippocampus

Question 3

The most implicated genetic cause of AD is …..

Answer 3

Alteration in the APO E gene.
Hence where APO E are the most active are the regions where injury is sustained the most

Question 4

The classical hallmarks in AD are

Answer 4

B Amyloid plaques
Neurofibrillary or tau tangles

Question 5

Describe the amyloidogenic and non amyloidogenic pathway

Question 6

Describe the role of cholinergic transmission and glutamatergic neurotransmission in relation to their symptoms in the pathogenesis of AD

Answer 6

Loss of
Cholinergic transmission -learning and memory loss

Synaptic dysfunction resulting in NMDA receptor internalization

Question 7

The two classes of drugs used in AD are

Answer 7

Symptomatic treatment
Modifying drugs; immunological treatment at early stage of AD

Question 8

First-line treatment for cognitive symptoms in mild and moderate AD is

Answer 8

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 9

Example of cholinesterase inhibitors are

Answer 9

Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
Tacrine

Question 10

Is tacrine still in use

Answer 10

No due to its side effects

Question 11

What site of the NMDA receptor does memantine bind to

Answer 11

Mg 2+ site

Question 12

First line TX of behavioural and Psychiatric symptoms in AD include

Answer 12

Non Pharmacological approach

Question 13

Oxidative stress and release of cytokines can result in formation pf NFTs and plaques T/F

Answer 13

True