Asthma

Question 1

What are the classical signs of asthma

Answer 1

Marked Inflammation of the airway
Exaggerated variability of the airway caliber
Symptomatic bronchoconstriction
and edema
Hyper responsiveness of bronchial smooth muscle

Question 2

What are the symptoms of Asthma

Answer 2

Dyspnea
Wheezing
mucous production
Coughing usually at night

Question 3

What receptor does the IgE antibody bind to on the mast cell

Answer 3

FCeRI
Fragment crystallisation epsilon receptor

Question 4

Muscarinic receptors expressed in the lungs are

Answer 4

M1-M4

Question 5

Which of the muscarinic receptors is responsible for smooth muscle contraction in the bronchi

Answer 5

M3

Question 6

Tiotropium has a half life of ………

Answer 6

5 to 6 days

Question 7

Why does tiotropium have a half life of ………

Answer 7

Due to its slow dissociation from M1 and M3 receptors

Question 8

The main anticholinergic agent that is used in treating COPD are

Answer 8

Tiotropium

Question 9

The side effects of cholinergic antagonist involved in the treatment of asthma

Answer 9

Dry mouth
Git upset
Closure angle glaucoma
Mydriasis

Question 10

The early adrenergic treatment for asthma is

Answer 10

Subcutaneous administration of adrenaline

Question 11

What class of bronchodilators are preferred in asthma attacks as relievers

Answer 11

B2 agonist

Question 12

Most beta 2 adrenergic agonist have …… onset of action
Peak
Duration of action

Answer 12

15-30 mins
30-60 mins
4-6 hours

Question 13

The two situations in which short acting beta 2 agonist can’t be used are…..

Answer 13

Nocturnal asthma
Prevention of attacks

Question 14

The long acting beta 2 agonist for treatment of asthma are

Answer 14

Formoterol
Aformoterol( specifically for COPD)
Salmoterol

Question 15

Formoterol has a rapid onset while salmeterol has ……..

Answer 15

Slow onset hence cannot be used in acute flare rxn

Question 16

The b2 agonist are combined with ……… for the treatment of inflammation

Answer 16

Corticosteroids

Question 17

Half life of long acting b2 agonist in asthma treatment Is …..

Answer 17

12-24hours

Question 18

MOA of metylxanthines is through

Answer 18

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Inhibits type III and IV phosphodiesterase enzyme prevents CAMP degradation in smooth muscles

Results in
Increased conductance of the membrane to potassium
Decreased intracellular calcium
Decreased myosin light chain phosphorylation

Question 19

MOA of methylxanthines include

Answer 19

Phosphodiesterase inhibition
Adenosine receptor antagonism

Question 20

MOA of metylxanthine as phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Answer 20

Bronchodilator in smooth muscles

Type III and type IV phosphodiesterase inhibition——-> cAMP degradation——–> Decreased intracellular calcium, Decreased myosin light chain phosphorylation and increased conductance of membrane to potassium

Question 21

Adenosine receptors are expressed both in …….. cells

Answer 21

Smooth muscle cells

Mast cell

Question 22

Adenosine receptors are expressed both in …….. cells

Answer 22

Smooth muscle cells

Mast cell

Question 23

Theophylline is a structural relative of ……… and they differ in

Answer 23

Caffeine
Differ in a single methyl group

Question 24

The primary mechanism of metylxanthine is ………

Answer 24

Phosphodiesterase inhibition

Question 25

Why is oral administration of corticosteroids discouraged

Answer 25

Due to the systemic toxicity associated with it

Question 26

Leukooxygenase is inhibited by …….

Answer 26

Ziluetron