Asthma Flashcards
What are the classical signs of asthma
Marked Inflammation of the airway
Exaggerated variability of the airway caliber
Symptomatic bronchoconstriction
and edema
Hyper responsiveness of bronchial smooth muscle
What are the symptoms of Asthma
Dyspnea
Wheezing
mucous production
Coughing usually at night
What receptor does the IgE antibody bind to on the mast cell
FCeRI
Fragment crystallisation epsilon receptor
Muscarinic receptors expressed in the lungs are
M1-M4
Which of the muscarinic receptors is responsible for smooth muscle contraction in the bronchi
M3
Tiotropium has a half life of ………
5 to 6 days
Why does tiotropium have a half life of ………
Due to its slow dissociation from M1 and M3 receptors
The main anticholinergic agent that is used in treating COPD are
Tiotropium
The side effects of cholinergic antagonist involved in the treatment of asthma
Dry mouth
Git upset
Closure angle glaucoma
Mydriasis
The early adrenergic treatment for asthma is
Subcutaneous administration of adrenaline
What class of bronchodilators are preferred in asthma attacks as relievers
B2 agonist
Most beta 2 adrenergic agonist have …… onset of action
Peak
Duration of action
15-30 mins
30-60 mins
4-6 hours
The two situations in which short acting beta 2 agonist can’t be used are…..
Nocturnal asthma
Prevention of attacks
The long acting beta 2 agonist for treatment of asthma are
Formoterol
Aformoterol( specifically for COPD)
Salmoterol
Formoterol has a rapid onset while salmeterol has ……..
Slow onset hence cannot be used in acute flare rxn
The b2 agonist are combined with ……… for the treatment of inflammation
Corticosteroids
Half life of long acting b2 agonist in asthma treatment Is …..
12-24hours
MOA of metylxanthines is through
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Inhibits type III and IV phosphodiesterase enzyme prevents CAMP degradation in smooth muscles
Results in
Increased conductance of the membrane to potassium
Decreased intracellular calcium
Decreased myosin light chain phosphorylation
MOA of methylxanthines include
Phosphodiesterase inhibition
Adenosine receptor antagonism
MOA of metylxanthine as phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Bronchodilator in smooth muscles
Type III and type IV phosphodiesterase inhibition——-> cAMP degradation——–> Decreased intracellular calcium, Decreased myosin light chain phosphorylation and increased conductance of membrane to potassium
Adenosine receptors are expressed both in …….. cells
Smooth muscle cells
Mast cell
Adenosine receptors are expressed both in …….. cells
Smooth muscle cells
Mast cell
Theophylline is a structural relative of ……… and they differ in
Caffeine
Differ in a single methyl group
The primary mechanism of metylxanthine is ………
Phosphodiesterase inhibition
Why is oral administration of corticosteroids discouraged
Due to the systemic toxicity associated with it
Leukooxygenase is inhibited by …….
Ziluetron
