Pulmonology

Question 1

Risks for COPD (3)

Answer 1

smoking #1
A1AT deficiency
chronic asthma

Question 2

Tx for COPD (chronic)

Answer 2

smoking cessation
B-agonists + anticholinergic
corticosteroids
influenza vaccine and pneumovax q5years

Question 3

Tx for acute COPD exacerbation

Answer 3

B-agonist + anticholinergic
IV coritcosteroids
azithromycin or levofloxacin

Question 4

Tx for acute asthma attacks

Answer 4

B-agonist
IV corticosteroids
IV Mg2+ 3rd line

Question 5

Dx for bronchiectasis

Answer 5

chest CT #1

PFTs

Question 6

Tx for bronchiectasis

Answer 6

abx
hydration
inhaled corticosteroids

Question 7

Ass with small cell cancer of lung

Answer 7

SVC syndrome
SIADH
ectopic ACTH
Lambert-Eaton

Question 8

Dx of lung cancer

Answer 8

CXR changes overtime (no change in 2yrs=benign)
CT with contrast
needle bx if suspicious

Question 9

Causes of pleural effusions (5)

Answer 9

CHF
pneumonia
malignancy
PE 
cirrhosis

Question 10

Causes of pneumothorax (3)

Answer 10

central line/needle aspiration
spontaneous of subpleural blebs
COPD

Question 11

Meds causing interstitial lung disease (4)

Answer 11

amiodarone
bleomycin
nitrofurantoin
phenytoin

Question 12

Sx of sarcoidosis (5)

Answer 12

dry cough
erythema nodosum
uveitis
Bell's palsy
arrhythmias

Question 13

Lights Criteria

Answer 13

Pleural protein/serum>0.5
Pleural LDH/serum>0.6
LDH>2/3 serum
criteria for exudative pleural effusion

Question 14

Causes of ARDS (4)

Answer 14

sepsis most common
aspiration
acute pancreatitis
intracranial HTN

Question 15

Types of ventilators (3)

Answer 15

Assisted control-pt initiates, vent takes over
SIMV-breath delivered by vent
CPAP-no breaths initiated

Question 16

Use for PEEP

Answer 16

ARDS

keeps alveoli open

Question 17

Intubation complication

Answer 17

tracheomalacia

tracheostomy needed after 2-3 wks

Question 18

Causes of PAH (6)

Answer 18

mitral stenosis
atrial myxoma
VSD/ASD
Scleroderma
COPD/OSA
vents

Question 19

Tx for primary pulmonary HTN (3)

Answer 19

IV prostacyclins
CCBs
anticoagulation

Question 20

Risks for PE (4)

Answer 20

malignancy
CHF
nephrotic syndrome
oral contraceptives

Question 21

Dx of PE

Answer 21

increased A-a gradient

CT of chest

Question 22

Tx for PE

Answer 22

IV heparin

IVC filter otherwise

Question 23

Indications for intubation

Answer 23

unprotected airway

PO250

Question 24

Causes of hemoptysis (5)

Answer 24

bronchitis
lung cancer
TB
bronchiectasis
mitral stenosis