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Undeleted > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Risk factors for stroke (5)

A

HTN & age most important
smoking
CAD
Afib

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2
Q

Risk of stroke after TIA

A

30% in 5 years

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3
Q

Complications from stroke

A

cerebral edema w/in 1-2 days

tx with mannitol and hyperventilation

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4
Q

Tx for ischemic stroke

A

tPA within 3 hrs if possible
if not, ASA within 24hrs
keep BP<220/120

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5
Q

Causes of hemorrhagic stroke

A

HTN
ischemic stroke conversion
AVM
tumor

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6
Q

Locations for hemorrhagic strokes

A

basal ganglia most common
pons
cerebellum

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7
Q

Tx for hemorrhagic stroke

A

control BP<180/105 with nitroprusside
mannitol + diuretics
surgery

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8
Q

Sx of subarachnoid hemorrhage (4)

A

severe HA
transient LOC
retinal hemorrhages
vomiting

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9
Q

Dx of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

CT w/o contrast shows star sign

LP if CT negative, xanthochromia shows it was not a traumatic tap

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10
Q

Complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage (5)

A 
vasospam (tx with CCBs)
rerupture
hydrocephalus
seizure due to blood
SIADH
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11
Q

Tx for subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

neurosurgery
IV NS
control HTN
CCB for vasospasm

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12
Q

Sx of Parkinson’s (4)

A

tremor (goes away with intention)
bradykinesia/rigidity
expresionless face
change in personality

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13
Q

Dx for Parkinson’s

A

clinical

onset usually over 50yrs

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14
Q

Tx for Parkinson’s

A

levodopa/carbidopa

trihexyphenidyl/benztropine for tremor

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15
Q

Sx of Huntington’s (5)

A 
chorea
changed personality
progressive dementia
bradykinesia/rigidity
incontinence
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16
Q

Dx of Huntington’s

A

atrophy of caudate

17
Q

Tx for Huntingont’s

A

DA antagonsists

18
Q

Causes of ataxia (7)

A 
EtOH
Vit B12 deficiency
cerebellar infarct/tumor
MS
AIDS
syphilis
Friedrich's ataxia/ataxia telangiectasia
19
Q

Tx for Tourette’s

A

clonidine

haloperidol

20
Q

Causes of dementia (10)

A 
Alzheimer's
vascular dementia
tumor
normal pressure hydrocephalus
Lewy body
Pick's disease
Wilson's/Parkinsons/Huntingtons
HIV/syphilis
Creutzfeld Jacob
hypothyroidism
21
Q

Sx of Alzheimer’s disease (5)

A 
changed personality
visuospatial disturbances
paranoia
hallucinations
incontinence
22
Q

Dx of Alzheimer’s

A

diffuse cortical atrophy and enlarged ventricles on CT

23
Q

Sx of Lewy body dementia

A

visual hallucinations
more rapid deterioration than Alzheimer’s
extrapyramidal sx

24
Q

Tx for Multiple Sclerosis

A

IV corticosteroids

interferon beta-1a

25
Q

Assc with Guillain-Barre (5)

A 
mycoplasma
campylobacter
hepatitis
HIV 
CMV
26
Q

Dx of Guillain-Barre

A

CSF with elevated protein and normal cell count

27
Q

Tx for myasthenia gravis

A

pyridostigmine

thymectomy*

28
Q

Findings with NF type 1 (6)

A 
cafe au lait spots
neurofibromas
glioma/meningioma
Lisch nodules
pheochromocytoma
optic nerve glioma
29
Q

Findings with NF type 2 (4)

A

acoustic neuromas
meningiomas
cataracts
cafe au lait spots

30
Q

Findings with tuberous sclerosis (4)

A

renal angiomyolipoma
cardiac rhabdomyoma
angiofibromas
retinal hamartomas

31
Q

Findings with Sturge-Weber (2)

A

port-wine stain

capillary angiomatoses of pia mater

32
Q

Findings with von Hippel Lindau (3)

A

renal cell carcinoma
cavernous hemangiomas
pheochromocytoma

33
Q

Sx of poliomyelitis

A

flaccid paralysis

intact sensation

34
Q

Tx for peripheral vertigo

A

meclizine

35
Q

Tx for Meniere’s disease

A

thiazides

Na+ restriction

36
Q

Types of seizures

A

Simple partial-no LOC
Complex partial-altered consciousness
Generalized/complete- true LOC

37
Q

Mgt for status epilepticus

A

IV diazepam +phenytoin +dextrose

IV phenobarbital if resistant

38
Q

Causes of Bell’s palsy (5)

A 
Guillain-Barre
HSV
Lyme disease
cholesteatoma
trauma

Undeleted (71 decks)

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