First Aid Buzzwords Flashcards
Self-mutilation/excess uric acid
Lesh-Nyhan syndrome
Nucleotide excision repair defect
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Mismatch repair defect
HNPCC
Nonhomologous end joining defect
ataxia telangiectasia
Partial albinism/recurrent infections
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Situs inversus/recurrent sinusitis
Kartagener’s syndrome
Defect type I collagen/blue sclera
osteogenesis imperfecta
Defect in type III collagen
Ehlers-Danlos
Defect in type IV collagen
Alport syndrome
Defect in fibrillin-1/collagen cross linking
Marfan’s syndrome
Imprinting
Prader-Willi (paternal)
Angelman’s (materanal)
FGF3 receptor defect
Achondroplasia
APC gene/chromosome 5
Familial adenomatous polyposis
Lisch nodules
Neurofibromatosis 1 (von Recklinghausen’s)
Ret gene mutations
MEN 2A and 2B
Ash leaf spots
Tuberous sclerosis
deletion of Phe 508
Cystic fibrosis
Pseudohypertrophy of calves
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
FMR1 gene/hypermethylation
Fragile X syndrome
CGG repeat
Fragile X syndrome
CAG repeat
Huntington’s
GAA repeat
Friedreich’s ataxia
CTG repeat
Myotonic dystrophy
Micrognathia/low set ears
Edwards syndrome
microphthalmia/microcephaly/rocker bottom feet
Patau’s syndrome
High pitched crying/mewing
Cri du chat, chromosome 5 microdeletion
Extreme friendliness to strangers/elfin facies
Williams syndrome, chromosome 7
Confabulation/ataxia
Wernicke-Korsakoff (B1)
Dementia/dermatitis/diarrhea
Pellegra/B3 deficiency
Deficiency with excess raw egg consumption
B7 (biotin)
Deficiency with Diphyllobothrium latum
B12 (cobalamin)
Heinz bodies/Bite Cells
G6PD deficiency
Aldolase B deficiency
Fructose intolerance
Asterixis/cerebral edema/blurring vision
Ammonia intoxication
Must body odor
PKU
Dark CT/brown sclera
Alkaptonuria
Lens subluxation/osteoporosis/atherosclerosis
Homocystinuria
Urine smells like Canada
Maple syrup urine disease
Angiokeratoma/cardio & renal involvment
Fabry’s disease
Macrophages that look like crumple tissue paper
Gaucher’s disease
Optic atrophy/globoid cells
Krabbe’s disease
Corneal clouding/gargoylism
Hurler’s syndrome
Bordet-Gengou agar
B. pertussis
Tellurite/Loeffler’s media
C. diphtheriae
Eaton’s agar
M. pneumoniae
Pseudomembrane/bull neck
C. diphtheria
Rice water diarrhea
Vibrio cholerae
Whooping cough
Bordetella pertussis
Optochin sensitive
Strep pneumo
Bacitracin sensitive
strep pyogenes
Novobiocin sensitive
staph epidermidis
Prosthetic valves bug
staph epidermidis
Dental caries bug
Strep mutans
Scarlet fever
Strep pyogenes
Meningitis in infants/neonates
Group B strep
Colorectal cancer endocarditis
Strep bovis
Honey/floppy baby
C. botulinum
Diarrhea after clindamycin/ampicillin
C. difficile
D-glutamic capsule
Anthrax
Rice/pasta eating
Bacillus cereus
Tumbling motility/milk and deli meats
Listeria monocytogenes
Yellow sulfur granules
Actinomyces
Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome
N. meningitis
Cherry red epiglottis
type B H. influenzae
Malignant otits externa
Pseudomonas
Red currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella
Weil’s disease
Leptospira interrogans
Cat scratch
Bartonella
Louse/recurrent fever
Borrelia recurrentis
Lone Star tick
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Animal bite
Pasteurella multocida
Epidemic typhus
Rickettsia prowazekii
Dermacentor tick bite
Rickettsia rickettsii
US southeast/fleas
Rickettsia typhi
Clue cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
Morula
Ehrlichiosis
Ohio/caves
Histoplasmosis
Broad based budding yeast
Blastomycosis
Spherules
Coccidioidomycosis
Captain’s wheel formation/Latin America
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Spaghetti and meatballs on prep
Tinea versicolor
Pseudohyphae
Candida
Acute angle branching hyphae
Aspergillus fumigatus
Soap bubble lesions/capsular halos
Cryptococcus neoformans
Nasal infiltrate/diabetic
Mucor/Rhizopus
90 degree branching hyphae
Mucor/Rhizopus
Disc shaped yeast/silver stain
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Cigar shaped yeast/gardening
Sporothrix schenckii
Falling leaf motility/bilobed nuclei
Giardia lamblia
Flask shaped ulcer/dysentery
Entamoeba histolytica
Diarrhea in AIDS pts
Cryptosporidium
Ring enhancing lesions/cats
Toxoplasmosis
Freshwater/rapid meningoenchephalitis
Naegleria fowleri
Tsetse fly
T. brucei
RBC with merozoites
Plasmodium (malaria)
Maltese cross
Babesia
Reduviid bug
T. cruzi
Female sandfly
Lesihmania donovani
Strawberry cervix
Trichomonas vaginalis
Anemia/worms in GI
Ancylostoma duodenale
Female blackfly
Onchocerca volvulus
Female mosquito
Wuchereria bancrofti
Deer fly/horse fly/mango fly
Loa loa
Cysticercosis
Taenia solium
B12 deficiency/worm in GI
Diphyllobothrium latum
Hydatid cyst disease
Echinococcus granulosus
Lateral spine
Schistosoma mansoni
SCC of bladder bug
Schistosoma haematobium
Cholangiocarcinoma bug
Clonorchis sinensis
DNA virus replicating in cytosol
Poxvirus
AIDS retinitis
CMV
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
JC virus
Downey cells/atypical lymphocytes
EBV
Diarrhea in children/infants
rotavirus
Aedes mosquito
Yellow fever virus
Postauricular adenopathy with rash
Rubella virus
Koplick spots
Measles virus
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Mealses virus
Bull neck/orchitis
Mumps virus
Bullet shaped virus
Rabies
Negri bodies
Rabies
High mortality in pregnant women virus
HEV (RNA hepevirus)
Hairy leukoplakia
EBV
Bug mimicing appendicitis
Yersinia enterocolitica
sometimes Campylobacter jejuni or Salmonella
Grows at 42 degrees C
Campylobacter
Swarming motility on agar
Proteus mirabilis
Howell-Jolly bodies
Post splenectomy
DR2 asscs
MS, SLE, Goodpasture’s
B27 asscs
Psoriasis
ankylosing spondylitis
IBS
Reiter’s syndrome
Complement mediated lysis of RBC’s
GPI anchored enzyme defect/PNH
Neisseria recurrent infections
MAC defeciency (C5-C9)
Anticentromere Abs
Scleroderma/CREST
Antimitochondrial Abs
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Antimicrosomal Abs
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Antismooth muscle Abs
autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-glutamate decarboxylase Abs
Type 1 DM
No B cells/recurrent infections
Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia
Coarse facies/retained primary teeth/increased IgE/infections
Job’s syndrome
ATM gene/DNA repair enzyme defect/low IgA
Ataxia telangiectasia
Thrombocytopenic purpura/infections/eczema
Wiskoot Aldrich syndrome
binds cyclophilins
Cyclosporine
Binds FK-binding protein/calcineurin
Tacrolimus
Inhibits mTOR
Sirolimus
Ret gene
MEN 2A and 2B
bcl-2 & t(14:18)
follicular cell lymphoma
c-myc & t(8:14)
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Bombesin marker
Neuroblastoma
lung/gastric cancer
TRAP stain
hairy cell leukemia
Psammoma bodies
mesothelioma
meningioma
papillary thyroid carcinoma
serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary
Fixed S2 splitting
ASD
Wide S2 splitting
RBBB/pulmonic stenosis
Paradoxical S2 splitting
LBBB/aortic stenosis
Bounding pulses/head bobbing
aortic regurg
Boot shaped heart
Tetralogy of Fallot
Rib notching
Coarctation of aorta
onion skinning of arterioles
hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
Contraction bands on heart
12-24 hrs post MI
Waxy fibers on heart
4-12 hrs post MI
Sterile heart valve vegetations
Libman Sacks endocarditis (from lupus)
Aschoff bodies and Anitschkow cells
Rheumatic fever
Tree bark appearance of aorta
tertiary syphilis
Jaw claudication/unilateral headache
Temporal cell arteritis
Pulseless upper extremities
Takayasu’s arteritis
Hep B/vessel disease
Polyarteritis nodosa
Follows infection/coronary aneursym
Kawasaki disease
Male smokers under 40, claudication
Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)
p-ANCA (+) with no granulomas
microscopic polyangiitis
Necrotizing granulomas/GN/focal necrotizing vasculitis
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Asthma/palpable purpura/neuropathy
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Palpable purpura/arthralgia/GI pain
Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
Port-wine stain/seizures
Sturge-Weber disease
Male with pseudohermaphroditism/HTN
17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency
Female masculinization/hypotension/hyperkalemia
21-hydroxylase deficiency
HTN/masculinization of female
11beta-hydroxylase deficiency
Skin hyperpigmentation/hypotension
Addison’s disease
Urinary VMA
pheochromocytoma
Urinary homovanillic acid
Neuroblastoma
Huerthle cells
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Empty appearing nuclei (Orphan Annie’s eyes)
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Pretibial myxedema/proptosis
Grave’s disease
Bone filled with brown fibrous tissue
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Lack of PTH response in kidneys/shortened 4th and 5th digits
Albrights hereditary osteodystrophy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
Diabets mellitus on glomeruli
Recurrent ulcers/ulcers in duodenum
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Double bubble on radiograph
Duodenal atresia
PAS (+) stain/foamy macrophages
Whipple’s disease
Signet ring cells
Diffuse gastric cancer/Krukenberg tumor
Skip lesions/string sign
Crohn’s disease
Lead pipe colon/sclerosing cholangitis
Ulcerative colitis
Currant jelly stool
Intussusception
Apple core lesion
Colorectal cancer
Dense core bodies on EM
Carcinoid tumor
Mallory bodies
Alcoholic hepatitis
Lipids in enterocytes
abetalipoproteinemia
Bug within macrophages
Histoplasmosis
Macrophages with amastigotes
Leishmania donovani
No IgA
Ataxia telangiectasia
Giant granules in neutrophils
Chediak-Higashi
Spider cells
rhabdomyomas
Hypertrophied stomach rugae
Menerier’s disease
Onion skin of bile duct
primary sclerosing cholangitis
Hypersegmented neutrophiles
B12/folate deficiency
Basophilic stippling
thalassemia/Pb poisoning
Bite cell
G6PD deficiency
Schuffner dots
Plasmodium vivax/ovale
large vWF multimers
TTP
Binucleate, CD30/15 (+) B cells
Reed sternberg cells/Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Starry sky appearance
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Rouleaux formation
Multiple myeloma
Clock face chromatin
Multiple myeloma
TdT (+)
ALL
Smudge cells
CLL
Auer rods
AML
Birbeck granules (tennis rackets)
Langhans histiocytosis
Woven bone pattern
Paget’s of bone
Schaumann/asteroid bodies
Sarcoidosis
Lewy bodies
Parkinson’s
Neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer’s
Pick bodies
Frontotemporal dementia
Whorled pattern of spindle cells
meningioma
Pseudopalisading tumor cells
Glioblastoma multiform
Rosenthal fibers
pilocytic astrocytoma
Homer-Wright rosettes
medulloblastoma
Spike and dome appearance of glomeruli
Membranous nephropathy
Tram track appearance of glomerlui
Membranoproliferative GN
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle
leiomyoma
Sheets of uniform cells
Dysgerminoma
Schiller Duval bodies
Yolk sac tumor
Call-Exner bodies
granulosa cell tumor
Reinke crystals
Leydig cell tumor
Curschmann spirals
Asthma (mucus plugs)
Charcot-Leyden crystals
Asthma (eosinophil breakdown)
Eggshell calcifications
Silicosis
Golden-brown fusiform rods
Asbestos bodies
Kulchitsky cells
Small cell carcinoma of lung
