Pulmonary pathology Flashcards
What is the most common sinus infected in adults?
Rhinosinisitus of the maxillary sinus is the most common form.
Epistaxis
Nose bleed
Most typically in the anterior segment of the nostril.
Deep venous thrombosis
Blood clot with deep venous swelling
Virchows triad
Stasis
Hypercoagubulity
Endothelial damage
what can cause fat emboli in the lungs?
Associated with long bone fractures and liposuction.
What air measurement is hallmark for obstructive pulmonary lung diseases?
Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
What presents as a “Blue bloater”?
Chronic bronchitis
Hyperplasia of the mucus secreting glands in the bronchi.
Look for a productive cough for more than 3 months.
What presents as a pink puffer?
Emphysema
Enlarged airspaces in the lung with increased compliance and alveolar destruction. Form of obstructive disorder.
INCREASED ELASTASE ACTIVIY AND LOSS OF ELATIC FIBERS + Barrel shaped chest
What causes centriacinar emphysema?
Smoking
what causes panacinar emphysema?
Associated with alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Difficulty breathing, curschmann spirals, charcot leyden crystals
Asthma
Type of obstructive disorder
Bronchiectasis
type of obstructive disorder due to chronic necrotizing infection bronchi leading to permanently dilated airways.
think smokers and bronchopulmonary aspergillos.
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is seen with hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
Type III/IV
What is a transudate?
Decreased protein content due to increased hydrostatic pressure or decreased oncotic pressure
What is exudate?
Increased protein content due to malignancy, pneumonia, collagen vascular diseases.
