Pathology - Neoplasia

Question 1

Neoplasia

Answer 1

New tissue growth unregulated, irreversible, and monoclonal.

Question 2

Oncogenes

Answer 2

Proto oncogenes essential for cell growth and differentiation.

Question 3

ERBB2 (HER2)

Answer 3

Epiderma growth factor receptor related to breast cancer.

Question 4

RET

Answer 4

Neural growth factor receptor.

Question 5

ABL-tyrosine kinase

Answer 5

CML, some types of ALL

Question 6

c-MYC

Answer 6

transcription factor

Seen in burkitts lymphoma.

Question 7

n-MYC

Answer 7

Transcription factor

Neuroblastoma

Question 8

L-MYC

Answer 8

TF

Small cell lung cancer

Question 9

CCND1

Answer 9

Cyclin related in mantle cell lymphoma

Question 10

CDK4

Answer 10

Melanoma related CDK.

Question 11

P53

Answer 11

Regulates progression from the G1 to S phase.

DNA damage slows the cell cycle for DNA repair.

Question 12

RB protein

Answer 12

regulates progression from G1-S phase

Holds E2F for transition.

Question 13

What happens if the RB protein is knocked out?

Answer 13

Unilateral retinoblastoma (Sporadic mutation) and familial retinoblastoma (germline mutation)

Question 14

Bcl-2

Answer 14

Blocks the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria preventing apoptosis.

disruption leads to apoptosis.

Question 15

Follicular lymphoma

Answer 15

Overexpressive the Bcl-2 stabilizing cells from releasing cytochrome c and apoptosis.

Question 16

How do tumor clls evade the host immunity?

Answer 16

They downregulate MHC-1

Question 17

Most common metastasis to liver

Answer 17

Colon, stomach, pancrease

Question 18

Most common metastasis to brain

Answer 18

Lung, breast, prostate, melanoma

Question 19

Most common metatasis to the liver

Answer 19

Colon, stomach, pancrease.