Hematology Phys Flashcards
Basophilic stippling
Lead poisoning
Acanthocyte/spur cell
Liver disease
Bite Cell AKA degmacyte
G6PD deficiency
Macro-ovalocyte
and Hypersegmented PMN’s
Megaloblastic anemia
Will also present with hypersegmented PMN’s
Ringed sideroblast
Sideroblastic anemia which is excessive iron in mitochondria.
What would it mean if you see a tear drop cell?
Dacrocytes are caused by bone marrow infiltration
“Mechanically squeezed out of bone marrow”
When would you see Target RBCs?
HbC disease
Asplenia
Liver disease
Thalassemia.
When would you find heinz bodies?
Oxidation of the Hb-Sh groups with bite cells most commonly seen in G6PD deficency and alpha thalasemia. `
When would you see Howel-Jolly bodies?
Basophillic nuclear remnants normally removed by macrophages in the spleen.
Thus seen in pt with functional hyposplenia or asplenia.
What s the normal range of size for RBC?
80-100
Think like a score of 80-100 is an okay score.
What is plummer Vinson syndrome?
Iron deficiency
Anemia
Esophageal webs
Atrophic glossitis
Seen in iron deficiency.
How will lead poisoning manifest?
Inhibits ferrochelatase and ALA dehydratase.
Decreases heme synthesis and RBC protoporphyrin.
Basophlic stippling wil be seen as well.
Think of an old house, children and chipped paint!!!
What are the antidotes of lead poisoning?
EDTA and Dimercaprol
EDTA can be used in children.
What vitamin deficiency most commonly leads to sideroblastic anemia?
Vitamin B6
Treat with pyridoxone.
What are the most common disorders that lead to microcytic anemias?
Iron deficiencies
Lead poisioning
thalasemias
B6 deficiency –> Sideroblastic anemia.
What two factors can lead to megaloblastic anemia?
B12 and Folate deficiency
With folate deficiency there will be no neurologic symptoms!!!
With B12 there will be.
Describe bernard soulier syndrome
Defect in GpIb and its binding to Von Willebrand Factor.
Describe Glanzmann thrombasthenia
Defect in GpIIb/IIIa and platelet to platelet aggregation.
Immune thrombocytopenia
Antibodies directed againt the Gpb/IIa complex. `
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purupura
Increase in vWF multimers.
why is PTT increased with lack of VWF?
Because vWF carries factor 8!
What is factor V leiden disease?
hypercoaguability along with factor V that is resistant to Protein C degredation.
Will show subcutaneous tissue necrosis after warfarin administration.
When would you use fresh frozen plasma?
DIC, cirrhosis, immediate warfarin reversal.
What would you use for treatment in a case lacking fibrinogen and factor 8?
Cryoprecipitate
