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A1 > Pharm final > Flashcards

Pharm final Flashcards

1
Q

Theophylline levels and side effects

A

15-25 - GI upset
25-35 - tachycardia/ PVCs
35< - vtach/ seizures

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2
Q

Inhaled anticholinergic SE

A

Narrow angle glaucoma
Urinary retention
Paradoxical bronchospasm due to M2 blackade

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3
Q

Different layers of the adrenals

A

G- mineral (aldosterone)
F- gluco
R- sex androgens

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4
Q

Primary vs secondary adrenal insufficiency

A

1- born without production- need both gluco and minerals
2- excess steroid use has suppressed HPA axis- only need glucocorticoids

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5
Q

Pure anti inflammatory and no sodium retaining

A

betamethasone
decadron
triamcinalone

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6
Q

Pure sodium retaining and no anti inflammatory

A

Fludro (125:10)

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7
Q

Can steroids cross placenta?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Long term steroids change which blood levels

A

increase hct
increase wbc

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9
Q

Therapies that will suppress HPA axis

A

20mg ed >3 weeks
Any dose under 3 weeks wont suppress

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10
Q

Treatment of thyroid storm

A

iv fluids
iodide
cortisol
propanolol
ptu
AVOID ASA

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11
Q

Mannitol requires __

A

intact BBB or will cause cerebral edema

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12
Q

How do nsaids affect lasix

A

Decrease rbf
Decrease diuretic effect

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13
Q

Thiazide SE

A

hypoK, hypoMag
dig toxicity
NMB potentiation

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14
Q

NMB potentiation

A

thiazides
CCB
Aminoglycosides/ clindamycin
AchEi

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15
Q

Which drugs will give u hyperK

A

BB
ACEi/ ARB
K sparing (aldactone)
NSAIDS

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16
Q

When wouldn’t u give calcium to protect from potassium?

A

dig- calcium can make it worse
Use mag

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17
Q

Meds to avoid for delirium prevention

A

benzos
opioids
benadryl
sedative hypnotics- Z drugs
polypharmacy

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18
Q

Which abx are oto and nephrotoxic?

A

Aminoglycosides (nmb potentiators too)
loop diuretics?
Vanco / AMG

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19
Q

What abx can never be given to pregnant patients

A

TFCTER
Tetracyclines
FQs
C (not cephalo!!)
Trimetho
Erytro (although emily says its ok)
Rifampin

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20
Q

Highest risk seizures (abx)

A

carbapenems

21
Q

Onset of SAMA

A

1 hour

22
Q

bb vs b agonist affect on K

A

BB- hyperK
B agonist- hypoK

23
Q

Does cromolyn relax bronchioles

A

No- thats why it isnt used in acute attack

24
Q

methylxanthines uses

A

(theophylline, caffeine, theobromine)
Stimulate CNS
Increase BP, inotropy, chronotropy
Relax airways

25
Q

Triple response Histamines

A

edema
flushing
pruritis

26
Q

glucocorticoids are primary __

A

anti inflammatory

27
Q

when will cataracts form?

A

4 years of steroid use

28
Q

Who cant receive steroids?

A

active infection
immunosuppression
psychosis
chf
cushings
dm htn
hyperthyroid

29
Q

how to treat hypoglycemia after a seizure

A

<60
50ml d50 (child above 2, 2ml/kg/ child below 2, 4ml/kg)
thiamine 100mg iv

30
Q

versed dose for status

A

10mg >40kg
5mg 10-40kg

31
Q

Ativan dose for status

A

.1mg/kg

32
Q

Second line tx for status

A

phenobarbital 15mg/kg
diazepam 0.5mg/kg rectal
nasal or buccal versed

33
Q

phenytoin ADR

A

gingival hyperplasia
nystagmus
nv
bone marrow hypoplasia
pregnancy- cleft lip, congenital heart, slow growth

34
Q

vigabatrin

A

permanent vision loss

35
Q

VPA SE

A

low iq in children in utero
hepatotoxicity

36
Q

topiramate

A

drunk feeling

37
Q

a baumannii complex tx

A

5th gen cephalo
also treats mrsa

38
Q

carbapenems

A

seizures

39
Q

serotonin syndrome drugs

A

linezolid

40
Q

macrolide se

A

qt prolongation

41
Q

Fq SE

A

qt prolong
cns excitation
glucose abnormality
tendon rupture
AVOID IN ELDERLYx

42
Q

metronidazole SE

A

Disulfiram like reaction with ETOH

43
Q

dm diagnosis

A

fasting >126
Random >200
hba1c >6.5

44
Q

optimal bg

A

110-180
joints- <150

45
Q

tzd se

A

bone fracture

46
Q

where is the majority of nacl reabsorbed?

A

pct

47
Q

where do loop diuretic work

A

mostly ascending loop

48
Q

loop diuretics interactions

A

amg- increased nephrotoxic
cephalo- nephrotoxic
pcn- allergic nephritis

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