Don 3

Question 1

Renal reabsorption of water and sodium is regulated by what 3 things?

Answer 1

ADH
RAAS
Natriuretic peptides

Question 3

What are the two major functions of the JG apparatus?

Answer 3

(to regulate blood pressure and filtration rate)
Afferant arteriolar constriction (high tubular)
Renin release (low tubular)

Question 4

Actions of AT2

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction
Increase ADH
Increase aldosterone
Increase thirst

Question 5

_____ maintain GFR during AT2 induced vasoconstriction

Answer 5

Prostaglandins

Question 6

What stimulates aldosterone release?

Answer 6

Decreased Na, increased K
AT2

Question 7

Aldosterone acts on the ____

Answer 7

DCT and collecting ducts

Question 8

What is Conns syndrome?

Answer 8

Primary hyperaldosteronism from a tumor
Causes HTN, HOK, HYPNA

Question 9

What increases ADH?

Answer 9

Increased plasma osmolarity
Decreased volume/ pressire
Nausea, hypoxia
Morphine, nicotine

Question 10

What decreases ADH?

Answer 10

Decreased plasma osmolarity
Increased blood volume/ pressure
Alcohol
Clonidine
Haldol

Question 11

In the absence of ____, the collecting duct is impermeable to water

Answer 11

ADH

Question 12

What is required to concentrate urine?

Answer 12

High ADH
High osmolarity of the renal medullary interstitial fluid
Water movement via osmosis

Question 13

____% of nephrons are JG nephrons

Answer 13

25

Question 14

Urea is a byproduct of ____

Answer 14

amino acids

Question 15

What is the role of the vasa recta?

Answer 15

Remove reabsorbed fluid from the IF
Minimize solute uptake from the medulla

Question 16

Where are the osmoreceptors

Answer 16

hypothalamus structures, stalk, not exactly positive

Question 17

minimum obligatory urine

Answer 17

.5L/day

Question 18

What is responsble for osmolarity of the IF space

Answer 18

Active Na and Cl transport in the TAL

Question 19

What plays a major role in the medullary IF hypertonic IF

Answer 19

Urea 500-600 when ADH is present
????