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A1 > APEX Airway Anatomy > Flashcards

APEX Airway Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the larynx

A

Chubby tired leprochauns piss terrible venom- Kanye, oblique (8)
1 Cricothyroid
2 Thyroarytenoids
3 Lateral cricoarytenoids
4 Posterior cricoarytenoids
5 Traverse arytenoids
6 Vocalis
7 Aryepiglottic
8 Obliquie arytenoid

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2
Q

Extrinsic muscles of larynx

A

hyoid x 6
Digastric x 2
1st 3 depress, last 5 elevate
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Anterior belly digastric
Posterior belly digastric

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3
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoids

A

Post- ab
Do abs last (post)
Abduct vocal cords
The ONLY TO ABDUCT

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4
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoids

A

Adduct vocal cords

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5
Q

Cricothyroid

A

Elongates (tense) vocal cords
Cricothyroid is long
The only thing to ELONGATE (TENSE)
The rest rest bc theyre lazy

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6
Q

Thyroarytenoids

A

They are short (inside when you see them)
Shorten(relax) vocal cords

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7
Q

SLN

A

IB- sensory above glottis (to the bottom of epiglottis)
EB- innervation to cricothyroid

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8
Q

RLN

A

Sensory below glottisMotor to all larynx muscles except (cricothyroid)

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9
Q

Vocalis

A

Shortens (relaxes) vocal chords
Short people are vocal

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10
Q

Thyroarytenoids

A

Adducts
Only one thing abducts- pc

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11
Q

CN5

A

Provides sensory to face and head
V1 Opthalmic- nares, ant 1/3 of septum
V2 maxillary- Turbinates, nasal septum
V3 Mandibular- anterior 2/3 of tongue

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12
Q

CN9

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve
Sensation from oropharynx to anterior epiglottis
Affferant limb of gag reflex

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13
Q

CN10

A

Vagus
SLN+RLN
SLN- IB & EB
IB sensory above cords to bottom of epiglottis
EB- Motor to circoythroid
RLN- Sensory below glottis to trachea, motor to all except cricothyroid
Efferent of gag reflex

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14
Q

RLN injury outcomes

A

Unilateral- no issue
Bilateral acute- major distress
Bilateral chronic- no issue

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15
Q

Risk factor for RLN injury (either side)

A

Overinflated ETT
Tumor
Excessive neck stretching
Neck surgery

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16
Q

Risk factor for L RLN injury

A

PDA Ligation, LA enlargment (mitral stenosis), AAA, thoracic tumor

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17
Q

Risk factor for R RLN injury

A

Rare, doesnt cause respiratory distress

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18
Q

Blocks and their landmark

A

Palatoglossal (hypoglossal)

Transtracheal (RLN)

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19
Q

Nerve of airway

A

5 trigeminal
9 glossopharyngeal
10 vagus

20
Q

SLN injury

A

IB no issue (sensory)
EB hoarseness (cant tense/ elongate)- not a huge deal bc no respiratory distress, not an emergency

21
Q

Landmark for SLN nerve block?

A

Greater cornu of hyoid bone

22
Q

3 airway blocks

A

Glossopharyngeal
Superior laryngeal
Recurrent laryngeal (Transtracheal)

23
Q

Risk of benzocaine spray for anesthetizing the airway?

A

Methoemoglobinemia
Treatment is methylene blue

24
Q

Glossopharyngeal block

A

Palatoglossal arch

25
Q

RLN block

A

Needle thru cricothyroid membrane

26
Q

Adult larynx in spine location

A

C3-C6

27
Q

Components of larynx (bones, ligaments, cartilages)

A

Bone- hyoid
Ligaments- thyrohyoid, cricothyroid
Cartilages- epiglottis, thryroid, cricoid, arytenoids, cuneiform, corniculates

28
Q

Narrowest part of airway in adults and kids

A

Glottis
Cricoid ring

29
Q

Function of larynx

A

Airway protection, respiration, phonation

30
Q

Hyoid function

A

Main support of larynx

31
Q

Thyroid function

A

Main protector of larynx

32
Q

What manuever for laryngospasm

A

Larsons!
Laura carson is gonna help with emergency largospasms

33
Q

Laryngospasm signs

A

Rocking horse (paradoxical movement)
Absent etco2
Inspiratory stridor

34
Q

Causes of laryngospasm

A

Secretions/ infection in airway
Airway manipulation with light anesthesia
Hyperventilation- doing more

35
Q

Laryngospasm treatment

A

Deepen anesthetic
fio2 100
Remove stimuli
Larsons maneuver
CPAP 20cm
Succ

36
Q

Mullers maneuver

A

Inhalation against a closed glottis (opposite of valsalva)
Bites ett and takes a breath

37
Q

Valsalva

A

Exhalation against a closed glottis
Coughing, bucking

38
Q

Larsons maneuver

A

Jaw thrust while digging finger into back of jaw to cause pain

39
Q

3 places the upper airway can obstruct

A

Soft palate - tensor palatine muscle
Tongue - genioglossus muscles
Epiglottis - hyoid muscles

40
Q

Risk of turbinates

A

Highly vascular

41
Q

Palatoglossal arch block will effect ___

A

CN9 block
oropharynx
vallecula

42
Q

IM Succ dose for laryngospasm

A

Adult 4mg/kg
Infant 5mg/kg

43
Q
A
44
Q

Where is the trachea compared to spine?

A

Cricoid(C6) to Carina (T4/5)

45
Q

Laryngospasm complications

A

Airway obstruction
Death
Dysrhythmias
Aspiration
Pulmonary edema

A1 (122 decks)

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