Peds APEX

Question 1

Organisms causing epiglottitis (supra) and laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

Answer 1

Epiglottitis- H influenza, Strep A, Pneumococci, Staph
Croup- Mostly viral- H parainfluenzae, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza a & B, but also bacteria is possible- mycoplasma PNA

Question 2

Age epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 2

Epiglottitis- 2-6
Croup- <2

Question 3

Onset of epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 3

Epiglottitis- rapid <24h
Croup- gradual 24-72h

Question 4

Neck x ray epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 4

Epiglottitis- swollen epiglottis (thumb sign) on lateral x ray
Croup- subglottic narrowing (steeple sign) on frontal x ray

Question 5

Region affected epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 5

Epiglottitis- supraglottic airway (epiglottis, vallecula, aryetnoids, aryepiglottic folds)
Croup- Larynx below the cords

Question 6

Clinical presentation epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 6

Epiglottitis- high grade fever, tripod position, 4D’s drooling, dyspnea dysphonia, dysphagia
Croup- low grade fever, barking cough, vocal hoarseness, stridor, retractions

Question 7

Treatment for epiglottitis vs croup

Answer 7

Epiglottitis- Oxygen, Urgent airway management, antibiotics, CPAP, ENT are required, post op ICU
Croup- Oxygen, epi, steroids, humidify, fluids, intubation EARLY

Question 8

Fetal shunts

Answer 8

Ductus venosis
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosis

Question 9

PVR in fetals

Answer 9

HIGH
Lungs arent needed

Question 10

What percent of adults have a PFO

Answer 10

.30
patent forament ovale

Question 11

Ductus arteriosos close time

Answer 11

phsyio 15 hours
anatomical 2-3 weeks

Question 12

neonate fluids

Answer 12

d5 .2 1/2 ns