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A1 > APEX + NN ABX > Flashcards

APEX + NN ABX Flashcards

1
Q

Marcolide examples

A

You need something macro THROWMYCIN (thrown) at you for the flu!
Z pack
Erythromycin

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2
Q

Beta Lactams examples

A

PCN
Cephalosporins (cefazolin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone)
Ampicillin

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3
Q

Accidentally pregnancy

A

Child Care
Cillins (penicillin, amoxicillin)
Cyclines (doxycycline, tetracycline)

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4
Q

No food

A

For MTF move the food (out of the way)
Macrolides (z pack, erythromycin)
Tetracycline (doxycycline)
Fluoroquinolones (floxicans)

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5
Q

ABX and the sun

A

Avoid FTS fun in the sun
Fluoroquinolones
Tetracyclines
Sulfas

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6
Q

ABX toxicity

A

CIN- its a SIN to give a MYCIN
Vancomycin
Gentamycin
Neomycin
2 Kidneys and ears

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7
Q

Most common allergic reaction ABX

A

Beta lactams
Penacillin Ampicillin
Cephalosporins

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8
Q

Fluoroquinolones examples

A

FLO
Floxacins
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Mixofloxacin

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9
Q

Fluoroquinolones side effects

A

GI upset
Tendonitis, tendon rupture

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10
Q

Vanco side effects

A

Red man syndrome (causes hypotension)- slow infusion
Stevens johnson syndrome
Hypotension- give slow

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11
Q

ABX for MRSA

A

Vanco

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12
Q

Aminoglycoside examples

A

Im outside in the AMG (aminoglycoside), its my sin (MYCIN) that im outside of brendas house
Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Neomycin

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13
Q

AMG side effects

A

Aminoglycosides
Ototoxicity
Neprhotoxicity
Skeletal muscle weakness- you get weak around brenda, thats why u there

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14
Q

Tetracycline examples

A

Doxycycline

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15
Q

Macrolide side effects

A

P450 inhibition

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16
Q

Tetracycline side effects

A

Teratogenic
Hepatotoxic
Nephrotoxic

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17
Q

Metronidazole treats

A

Nothing dazzling about cdif or stis
CDIF
STI

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18
Q

Metronidazole side effects

A

ETOH intolerance
peripheral nueropathy

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19
Q

Clindamycin side effects

A

Allergic reactions
Skeletal muscle weakness (caution with NMB)

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20
Q

What is the most common side effect of prophylactic ABX?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

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21
Q

How often to dose cefazolin?

A

q4h

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22
Q

How does vanco work?

A

Disrupts cell wall synthesis

23
Q

What should the rate be for vanco? why?

A

10-15mg/kg over at least 1 hour to prevent hypotension/ histamine release/ red mans syndrome

24
Q

How can you prevent vancomycin induced histamine release?

A

Benadryl 1mg/kg
Cimetidine 4mg/kg
1 hour before surgery

25
Q

Do ABX cross placenta?

A

Yes

26
Q

Which ABX are contraindicated in pregnancy?

A

Fetal Cases Taken To Emergency Room
Fluoroquinolones
Chloramphenicol
Tetracyclines
Trimethoprim
Erthyromycin
Rifampin

27
Q

What does PCN treat? (gram type)

A

Gram +

28
Q

Bacteriocidal vs bacteriostatic

A

Cidal- kills bacteria
Static- doesn’t allow growth
C- BAC(teria) CI(dal) PCN, cephalosporins, AMGs, Vanco, Bacitracin, Fluoroquinolones, Aztreonam, Imipenem, Polymyxins
S- STTCC (static) Tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, (macrolides), Clindamycin, Sulfas, trimethoprim

29
Q

Narrow vs broad

A

N- PCN E is narrow
B-ACT Fucking Amazing (ACT has Fucking Alot of topics)
N- PCN, Clindamycin, Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycin
B- Ampicillin, Cephalosporins, Tetracyclines, FQs, AMGs

29
Q

TB treatment

A

Isoniazid

30
Q

How to treat toxoplasmosis

A

Sulfa methoxazole

31
Q

Bactrim is made up of ___ and ___

A

Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

32
Q

What is Bactrim good for treating?

A

Enterrobacteria (gram -)
Respiratory
UTI
Pneumocytsitis carinii (HIV pts)

33
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitors (abx)

A

Marcolides (z pack, erythromycin)
AMGs
Tetracyclines

34
Q

What ABX target the folic acid pathway?

A

Sulfa methoxazole + trimethoprim
(bactrim)

35
Q

How do macrolides work?

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors (50S top)
Inhibits ribosome from moving across the mRNA which stops it from synthesizing a functional protein
Bacteristatic

36
Q

What do macrolides treat?

A

PNA
h pylori (PUD)
GI- campylobacter
STDs

37
Q

Aminoglycoside examples, how do they work?

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors (top 50S stops tRNA from coming into ribosome)
Bacteriocidal

38
Q

How do tetracyclines work?

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors (3oS bottom, prevents tRNA from coming into A site)
Becteriostatic

39
Q

DNA/RNA synthesis inhibitors

A

FQs bactericidal
Nitrofurintoin
Metronidazole
Daptomycin
Rifampisin

40
Q

How do FQs work?

A

DNA fragmentation
Topoisomerase normally cuts, then reattaches DNA, but FQ prevent reattachment

41
Q

How does metronidazole work?

A

Disrupts the helixical structure (dna fragmentation)

42
Q

How does daptomycin work?

A

Forms a pore on the cell wall, depolarizes cell, inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis

43
Q

How does rifampisin work?

A

Inhibits RNA polymerase- cant make RNA, cant survive

43
Q

What is the bacteria cell wall made from? How is the cell wall bound together? What med fights this?

A

Peptidoglycans make it
Cross linking via tetropeptides of peptidoglycans
Vanco (peptidoglycans inhibitors)
Cross linking- PCN,

44
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitors

A

Sulbactam (+ ampicillin)
Tazobactim (+ piperacillin) (zosyn)
Clavulanic acid (+ amoxicillin)

45
Q

AMG cidal or static

A

Cidal- brenda go kill!

46
Q

Tetracyclines cidal or static

A

Static although teratogenic-
So they dont kill adults but they kill babys

47
Q

ABC resistance- decreased permeability (acronym)

A

VAT-B
Vanco
AMG
Tetracyclines
Beta lactams

48
Q

ABX resistance- increase efflux of abx (acronym)

A

FAT M
FQs
AMGs
Tetracyclines
Macrolides

49
Q

The antibiotics best suited for most surgical procedures are ___ because ___

A

Cephalosporins
Wide therapeutic index, minimal side effects

50
Q

The most common way an allergic reaction from beta lactams presents is by ___

A

Rash
Then fever

51
Q

The most common organisms responsible for SSIs are ___

A

Staph aureus
Staph epidermidis

A1 (124 decks)

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