packet 18

Question 1

Lips and cheeks—–contains buccinator muscle that keeps food between upper & lower teeth
Vestibule—area between cheeks and teeth
Oral cavity proper—the roof = hard, soft palate and uvula
floor = the tongue

Answer 1

mouth

Question 2

Pharyngeal Arches

two skeletal muscles

Answer 2

Palatoglossal muscle

Palatopharyngeal muscle

Question 3

extends from palate to tongue
forms the first arch
posterior limit of the mouth

Answer 3

Palatoglossal muscle

Question 4

extends from palate to pharyngeal wall
forms the second arch
behind the palatine tonsil

Answer 4

Palatopharyngeal muscle

Question 5

Parotid below your ear and over the masseter
Submandibular is under lower edge of mandible
Sublingual is deep to the tongue in floor of mouth
All have ducts that empty into the oral cavity

Answer 5

salivary glands

Question 6

Wet food for easier swallowing
Dissolves food for tasting
Bicarbonate ions buffer acidic foods
bulemia—vomiting hurts the enamel on your teeth
Chemical digestion of starch begins with enzyme (salivary amylase)
Enzyme (lysozyme) —helps destroy bacteria
Protects mouth from infection with its rinsing action—1 to 1 and 1/2qts/day

Answer 6

Composition and Functions of Saliva

note on test
name 3 functions of saliva

Question 7

sight, smell, sounds, memory of food, tongue stimulation—rock in mouth
cerebral cortex signals the salivatory nuclei in brainstem—(CN 7 & 9)
parasympathetic nn. (CN 7 & 9)

Answer 7

increase salivation

Question 8

dry mouth when you are afraid

sympathetic nerves

Answer 8

stop salivation

Question 9

Myxovirus that attacks the parotid gland
Symptoms
inflammation and enlargement of the parotid
fever, malaise & sour throat (especially swallowing sour foods)
swelling on one or both sides
Sterility rarely possible in males with testicular involvement (only one side involved)
Vaccine available since 1967

Answer 9

mumps

Question 10

attached to hyoid, mandible, hard palate and styloid process

Papillae are the bumps—taste buds are protected by being on the sides of papillae

Answer 10

structure and function of tongue

Question 11

Crown
Neck
Roots
Pulp cavity

Answer 11

tooth structure

Question 12

hardest substance in body

calcium phosphate or carbonate

Answer 12

enamel

Question 13

calcified connective tissue

Answer 13

dentin

Question 14

bone-like

periodontal ligament penetrates it

Answer 14

cementum

Question 15

composition of teeth

Answer 15

enamel
dentin
cementum

Question 16

20 teeth that start erupting at 6 months

1 new pair of teeth per month

Answer 16

primary or baby teeth (dentition)

Question 17

32 teeth that erupt between 6 and 12 years of age
differing structures indicate function
incisors for biting
canines or cuspids for tearing
premolars & molars for crushing and grinding food

Answer 17

permanent teeth (dentition)

Question 18

breaks into pieces

mixes with saliva so it forms a bolus

Answer 18

mechanical digestion

Question 19

chemical digestion in the mouth

Answer 19

amylase

lingual lipase

Question 20

begins starch digestion at pH of 6.5 or 7.0 found in mouth

when bolus & enzyme hit the pH 2.5 gastric juices hydrolysis ceases

Answer 20

amylase

Question 21

secreted by glands in tongue

begins breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 21

lingual lipase