packet 10 Flashcards
INNATE IMMUNITY
Immediate protection against wide variety of pathogens & foreign substances
lacks specific responses to specific invaders
Mechanisms function regardless of type of invader
nonspecific resistance to disease
Mechanisms function regardless of type of invader
external mechanical & chemical barriers
internal nonspecific defenses
internal nonspecific defenses
antimicrobial proteins
natural killer cells & phagocytes
inflammation & fever
skin (epidermis) closely packed, keratinized cells
shedding helps remove microbes
mucous membrane secretes viscous mucous
cilia & mucus trap & move microbes toward throat
washing action of tears, urine and saliva
mechanical protection
sebum inhibits growth bacteria & fungus
perspiration lysozymes breakdown bacterial cells
acidic pH of gastric juice and vaginal secretions destroys bacteria
chemical protection
Antimicrobial proteins that discourage microbial growth
interferons
complement proteins
transferrins
produced by virally infected lymphocytes & macrophages
diffuse to neighboring cells to induce synthesis of antiviral proteins
interferons
inactive proteins in blood plasma
when activated enhance immune, allergic & inflammatory reactions
complement proteins
iron-binding proteins inhibit bacterial growth by reducing available iron
transferrins
Abnormally high body temperature that occurs because the hypothalamic thermostat is reset
*occurs during infection and inflammation
fever
during fever the infection and inflammation allow for
bacterial toxins trigger release of fever-causing cytokines such as interleukin-1
intensifies effects of interferons, inhibits bacterial growth, speeds up tissue repair
benefit of fever
ingest microbes or particulate matter
macrophages developed from monocytes
Phagocytes (neutrophils & macrophages)
fixed macrophages stand guard in specific tissues
wandering macrophages in most tissue
macrophages developed from monocytes
help WBCs stick to endothelium
adhesion molecules
