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pre-reg exam 2021 > OTC Skin Conditions > Flashcards

OTC Skin Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What are symptoms of tines pedis?

A

Athletes foot

White, itchy, flaky, possibly macerated skin in web spaces between toes

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of tinea corporis?

A

Body ringworm

Flat, slightly raised circular rings with a distinctive red scaly border and can have a central clearing

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of tinea capatis?

A

Scalp ringworm

Distinctive ring shaped rash with associated hair loss
Refer as requires oral antifungal

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of tinea cruris?

A

Jock itch

Fungal groin infection
Red brown rash with well defined edge on inner thighs and buttocks

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5
Q

When do you refer fungal infections?

A 
Facial or scalp involvement
Toenails also affected in athletes foot 
Large area affected
Broken skin
Secondary bacterial infection 
Diabetic/immunocompromised 
OTC failure after 2 weeks
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6
Q

What are the topical imidazoles used in OTC fungal infections?

A 
All ages clotrimazole (canesten), miconazole (daktarin/daktacort)
Adults ketoconazole (daktarin GOLD, intensiv)
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7
Q

What is terbinafine used for OTC?

A

Lamisil 16+, lamisil once 18+

Spray, cream = jock itch and athletes
Gel = jock, itch, athletes foot, body ringworm
Cutaneous solution = athletes foot

Powders - prophylaxis for athletes foot

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8
Q

What is the advice for fungal infections?

A

Continue until at least 7 days after symptoms disappear

Contagious

Avoid sharing towels

Change socks regularly, dry skin thoroughly, wear flip flops in communal areas

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of acne?

A

Whiteheads
Blackheads
Spots
Pustules

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10
Q

When do you refer for acne?

A

Children under 12
Adults over 25 for the first time
Acne rosacea
Appears on back or chest or anywhere but face
Medication ADR - lithium, phenytoin, progestogens
OTC failure > 8 weeks
Moderate-severe

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11
Q

What are the OTC products for acne?

A

Benzoyl peroxide - acnecide, panoxyl - 2.5-10% OD to BD

Wash skin before applying
8 weeks improvement
Apply to whole area affected

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12
Q

What are the side effects of acnecide?

A

Bleaches clothes
Avoid direct sunlight, photosensitivity

Stinging, dry, burning, red, peeling skin especially in initial stages

Nicotinamide alternative

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13
Q

What is the advice for acne?

A

No evidence to suggest certain food or poor hygiene can cause acne

Use mild antibacterial soap
Do not overscrub
Do not squeeze spots
Avoid greasy or oil based cosmetics

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of corns and calluses?

A

Yellow hyperkeratinised skin

Can be painful

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15
Q

When do you refer corns and calluses?

A

Diabetics
Impaired circulation
Treatment failure
Soft corns

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16
Q

What are the OTC products for corns and calluses?

A

Padding or shielding

17
Q

What is the advice for corns and calluses?

A

Wear well fitting shoes
Use a pumice stone to gently remove hard skin
Dry feet thoroughly after washing

18
Q

What are the symptoms of eczema?

A

Sore and inflamed rash
Dry and flaky
Irritated and itchy

19
Q

What are the symptoms of contact dermatitis?

A

Response to external factor

Substance directly damages outer layer of skin
Substance causes immune response

20
Q

When do you refer eczema?

A 
Infected
Severe
Broken skin
Face
Anogenital areas
OTC failure > 7 days
Undiagnosed eczema or unknown cause
Symptoms > 2 weeks
21
Q

What are the OTC products for eczema?

A

Emollients
Ointments
Soap substitutes
Bath additives

Hydrocortisone 10+ OD-BD
Clobetasone 12+
Max 15g, 7 days. Not in pregnancy or broken skin

Calamine/eurax

22
Q

What is the advice for eczema?

A

Apply steroid sparingly
Apply emollient 30 mins before steroid
Soap substitutes
Eliminate aggravating factors

23
Q

What are the symptoms of a fungal nail infection?

A

Dull, yellow opaque appearance
Nail thickens and distorts
Brittle and crumbles away

24
Q

When do you refer nail infections?

A 
Other fungal nail infections
Nail breaking away
Immunocompromised 
Peripheral circulatory disease
Diabetes
25
Q

What is used OTC for nail infections?

A

Amorolofine 18+ (curanail)

No more than 2 nails affected
Only beneath tips or sides of nails affected
Contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding

26
Q

What is the advice for fungal nail infections?

A

Keep using until all of the affected Mai, tissue grows out

Apply once weekly to affected nails
File down nail surface
Clean
Apply nail lacquer

27
Q

What are the symptoms of psoriasis?

A

Plaque psoriasis
Red plaques
Well defined edges
Silvery scales

28
Q

When do you refer psoriasis?

A

Undiagnosed

Moderate to severe

29
Q

What are the OTC products for psoriasis?

A

Emollients

12+ coal tar solution

30
Q

What is the advice for psoriasis?

A

Limit stress
Not contagious
Sun exposure - can improve psoriasis

31
Q

What are the symptoms of cold sores?

A

Tingling sensation or irritation

Blisters on lips/around mouth

32
Q

When should a cold sore be referred?

A 
Painless
Babies/young children
Immunocompromised 
Uncertain diagnosis
Eye affected
Cold sores inside mouth 
Cold sores > 2 weeks
Patients with atopic eczema
33
Q

What are the OTC products for cold sores?

A

Aciclovir (zovirax) five times a day for at least 4 days. Max 10 days. Four hourly intervals

Penciclovir 12+ (fenistil) 8 times a day for 4 days

Hydrocolloid patch apply for 24 hours until it completely heals

Bland creams

34
Q

What is the advice for cold sores?

A 
Highly contagious
No longer contagious after crusts for,
Wash hands 
Transferable to eye
Avoid kissing, oral sex, sharing cutlery
Recurrent episodes
35
Q

What are the symptoms of warts?

A

Flesh colour, raised cauliflower surface

36
Q

What are the symptoms of verrucas?

A

Flat, occurs on sole of feet with black dots in the middle

37
Q

What are the referral criteria for warts and verrucae?

A 
Facial warts
Multiple
Anogenital
Diabetic patients 
Immunocompromised 
Itching/bleeding 
A change in appearance
OTC failure > 3 months
38
Q

What are the OTC products for warts and verrucae?

A

Salicylic acid
Cryotherapy
Glutarol

Can take up to 12 weeks
Take steps to prevent spread

pre-reg exam 2021 (79 decks)

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