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pre-reg exam 2021 > Drugs, Driving, Side effects > Flashcards

Drugs, Driving, Side effects Flashcards

1
Q

What are the drugs with driving warnings?

A

Sedating drugs, effects increased by alcohol

Antihistamines
Antiepileptic 
Antipsychotics 
Opioids
TCA
Baclofen
Hypnotics 
Benzodiazepines 
Quinolones
Selegiline 
Apomorphine
Levodopa
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2
Q

What drugs cause hypotension?

A

Alpha blockers

Dopamine receptor agonists

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3
Q

What drugs cause hypoglycaemia?

A

Sulphonylureas

Insulin

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4
Q

What is an adverse drug reaction?

A

Unwanted or harmful reaction experienced following the administration of a drug, combination of drugs under normal conditions of use which is suspected to be relayed to the drug

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5
Q

When do you report adverse drug reactions?

A

Newer drugs and vaccines
Medication errors
Medical devices
Defective medicine or suspected fake medicines

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6
Q

What drugs cause oral ulcers?

A 
ACEi
NSAID
Nicorandil
Pancreatin
Cytotoxic
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7
Q

What drugs cause oral candidiasis?

A

Corticosteroid inhalers

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8
Q

What drugs cause staining of teeth?

A

Chlorhexidine (brown)

Liquid iron (black)

Tetracyclines (yellow + grey)

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9
Q

What drugs cause osteonecrosis of the jaw?

A

Bisphosphonates

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10
Q

What drugs cause gingival hypertrophy?

A

Ciclosporin
Nifedipine
Phenytoin

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11
Q

What drugs cause dry mouth?

A 
Antimuscarinics 
Antipsychotics 
Opioids
Excessive diuretics
Antihistamines
Antidepressants
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12
Q

What drugs cause taste disturbance?

A 
ACEi
Amiodarone
Carbimazole 
Clarithromycin 
Lithium 
Metformin
Metronidazole 
Zopiclone
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13
Q

What are the drugs that cause myelosuppression?

A

DMARDs - methotrexate, penicillamine, gold

Antiepileptics - carbamazepine, ethosuximide, lamotrigine, phenytoin

Antibiotics- linezolid, chloramphenicol, dapsone, co-trimoxazole, trimethoprim

Immunosuppressants- azathioprine, cytotoxics

Antifolates - phenytoin, methotrexate, trimethoprim

Others - aminosalicylates, carbimazole, clozapine, mirtazapine

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of myelosuppression?

A

Low blood count

Susceptible to infection
Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

What are the drugs that cause photo sensitisation?

A

Antifungals - voriconazole
Tetracyclines- doxycycline, demeclocycline
Co-trimoxazole, quinolones (oxacins)
Hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine

Amiodarone
PhenothiazineS
Tacrolimus
Topical NSAIDs
Benzoyl peroxide 
Isotretinoin 
Vitamin A
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16
Q

What drugs cause contact sensitisation?

A

Methotrexate
Chlorpromazine
Cytotoxics

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17
Q

What drugs cause QT prolongation?

A

Antipsychotics- pimozide, haloperidol, quetiapine
Antidepressants- citalopram/escitalopram, TCA, venlafaxine
Anti-arrhythmics - sotalol, amiodarone
CNS - methadone, lithium, triptans, apomorphine, ondansetron, domperidone, metoclopramide, quinine

Macrolides, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, quinolone, ketoconazole, itraconazole

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18
Q

What are the predisposing factors for QT prolongation?

A 
Increasing age
Female
Cardiac disease
Bradycardia 
Electrolyte disturbances
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19
Q

What are the drugs that cause hypokalaemia?

A 
Loop/thiazide diuretics
Corticosteroids 
Beta 2 agonist
Theophylline 
Stimulant laxatives
Amphotericin B
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20
Q

What are the drugs that increase the risk of bleeding?

A

Anti platelets - NSAID, SSRI, venlafaxine, clopidogrel, prasugrel, glycoprotein inhibitors (abciximab)

Anticoagulants - warfarin, heparins, heparinoids, DOACs, fibrinolytics

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21
Q

What are the drugs that cause thromboembolism?

A

Cytotoxics - bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, vinca alkaloids, tamoxifen

Epoietin Alfa, oestrogens, tranexamic acid

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22
Q

What are the drugs that cause bradycardia?

A 
Beta blockers
Amiodarone
Digoxin 
Rate limiting CCBs
Clonidine
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23
Q

What drugs cause first dose hypotension?

A

Alpha blockers
ACEi/ARB
Nitrates
Indoramin

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24
Q

What drugs cause hypotension?

A

Beta blockers
CCBs
ACEi/ARB
Alpha blockers

Alcohol, dopamine receptor agonists, nitrates, diuretics, sildenafil, gliflozins, antipsychotics

25
Q

What are the drugs that cause antimuscarinic effects?

A 
Antimuscarinics 
Atropine
TCA 
Antihistamines 
Clozapine
Antipsychotics
26
Q

What are the drugs cause CNS depressant effects?

A 
Alcohol
Agomelatine
Anaesthetics
Antiepileptics
Antihistamines
Antipsychotics 
Baclofen
Benzodiazepines 
Ketamine
Melatonin
Opioids
Venlafaxine
Z drugs
27
Q

What are the drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy?

A 
Amiodarone
Cisplatin
Disulfiram
Phenytoin 
Isoniazid 
Metronidazole 
Vinka alkaloids
28
Q

What are the drugs causing serotonin syndrome?

A

Triptans, bupropion, buspirone, TCA, MAOI, SSRI, MAOB inhibitors (selegiline), 5HT3 antagonist (ondansetron), amfetamines, St. John’s wort

29
Q

What are the drugs that cause ototoxicity?

A 
Aminoglycosides 
Cisplatin
Glycopeptides (vancomycin)
Loop diuretics
Vinca alkaloids
30
Q

What are the drugs that lower the seizure threshold?

A 
Quinolones
Mefloquine 
SSRI
Antipsychotics 
Tramadol
Theophylline 
Lithium
Baclofen
Amfetamines
31
Q

What drugs cause oral ulcers?

A 
ACEi
NSAID
Nicorandil
Pancreatin
Cytotoxic
32
Q

What drugs cause oral candidiasis?

A

Corticosteroid inhalers

33
Q

What drugs cause staining of teeth?

A

Chlorhexidine (brown)

Liquid iron (black)

Tetracyclines (yellow + grey)

34
Q

What are the drugs that lower the seizure threshold?

A 
Quinolones
Mefloquine 
SSRI
Antipsychotics 
Tramadol
Theophylline 
Lithium
Baclofen
Amfetamines
35
Q

What are the drugs that cause ototoxicity?

A 
Aminoglycosides 
Cisplatin
Glycopeptides (vancomycin)
Loop diuretics
Vinca alkaloids
36
Q

What are the drugs causing serotonin syndrome?

A

Triptans, bupropion, buspirone, TCA, MAOI, SSRI, MAOB inhibitors (selegiline), 5HT3 antagonist (ondansetron), amfetamines, St. John’s wort

37
Q

What are the drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy?

A 
Amiodarone
Cisplatin
Disulfiram
Phenytoin 
Isoniazid 
Metronidazole 
Vinka alkaloids
38
Q

What are the drugs cause CNS depressant effects?

A 
Alcohol
Agomelatine
Anaesthetics
Antiepileptics
Antihistamines
Antipsychotics 
Baclofen
Benzodiazepines 
Ketamine
Melatonin
Opioids
Venlafaxine
Z drugs
39
Q

What are the drugs that cause antimuscarinic effects?

A 
Antimuscarinics 
Atropine
TCA 
Antihistamines 
Clozapine
Antipsychotics
40
Q

What drugs cause hypotension?

A

Beta blockers
CCBs
ACEi/ARB
Alpha blockers

Alcohol, dopamine receptor agonists, nitrates, diuretics, sildenafil, gliflozins, antipsychotics

41
Q

What drugs cause first dose hypotension?

A

Alpha blockers
ACEi/ARB
Nitrates
Indoramin

42
Q

What are the drugs that cause bradycardia?

A 
Beta blockers
Amiodarone
Digoxin 
Rate limiting CCBs
Clonidine
43
Q

What are the drugs that cause thromboembolism?

A

Cytotoxics - bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, vinca alkaloids, tamoxifen

Epoietin Alfa, oestrogens, tranexamic acid

44
Q

What are the drugs that increase the risk of bleeding?

A

Anti platelets - NSAID, SSRI, venlafaxine, clopidogrel, prasugrel, glycoprotein inhibitors (abciximab)

Anticoagulants - warfarin, heparins, heparinoids, DOACs, fibrinolytics

45
Q

What are the drugs that cause hypokalaemia?

A 
Loop/thiazide diuretics
Corticosteroids 
Beta 2 agonist
Theophylline 
Stimulant laxatives
Amphotericin B
46
Q

What are the predisposing factors for QT prolongation?

A 
Increasing age
Female
Cardiac disease
Bradycardia 
Electrolyte disturbances
47
Q

What drugs cause QT prolongation?

A

Antipsychotics- pimozide, haloperidol, quetiapine
Antidepressants- citalopram/escitalopram, TCA, venlafaxine
Anti-arrhythmics - sotalol, amiodarone
CNS - methadone, lithium, triptans, apomorphine, ondansetron, domperidone, metoclopramide, quinine

Macrolides, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, quinolone, ketoconazole, itraconazole

48
Q

What drugs cause contact sensitisation?

A

Methotrexate
Chlorpromazine
Cytotoxics

49
Q

What are the drugs that cause photo sensitisation?

A

Antifungals - voriconazole
Tetracyclines- doxycycline, demeclocycline
Co-trimoxazole, quinolones (oxacins)
Hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine

Amiodarone
PhenothiazineS
Tacrolimus
Topical NSAIDs
Benzoyl peroxide 
Isotretinoin 
Vitamin A
50
Q

What are the symptoms of myelosuppression?

A

Low blood count

Susceptible to infection
Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia

51
Q

What drugs cause osteonecrosis of the jaw?

A

Bisphosphonates

52
Q

What are the drugs that cause myelosuppression?

A

DMARDs - methotrexate, penicillamine, gold

Antiepileptics - carbamazepine, ethosuximide, lamotrigine, phenytoin

Antibiotics- linezolid, chloramphenicol, dapsone, co-trimoxazole, trimethoprim

Immunosuppressants- azathioprine, cytotoxics

Antifolates - phenytoin, methotrexate, trimethoprim

Others - aminosalicylates, carbimazole, clozapine, mirtazapine

53
Q

What drugs cause taste disturbance?

A 
ACEi
Amiodarone
Carbimazole 
Clarithromycin 
Lithium 
Metformin
Metronidazole 
Zopiclone
54
Q

What drugs cause dry mouth?

A 
Antimuscarinics 
Antipsychotics 
Opioids
Excessive diuretics
Antihistamines
Antidepressants
55
Q

What drugs cause gingival hypertrophy?

A

Ciclosporin
Nifedipine
Phenytoin

56
Q

What are the drugs that increase serum potassium?

A 
ACEi/ARB
Aldosterone antagonists
Heparins
NSAIDS 
Tacrolimus 
Triamterene
Trimethoprim
57
Q

What are the drugs that reduce serum potassium?

A 
Aminophylline/theophylline 
Amphotericin B
B2 agonists
Corticosteroids 
Diuretics
Stimulant laxatives
58
Q

What are the drugs that cause hyponatraemia?

A

Carbamazepine
Diuretics
Antidepressants

pre-reg exam 2021 (79 decks)

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