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Pre-reg Exam 2021 > Common Bacterial Infections > Flashcards

Common Bacterial Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Who is most at risk of C. Diff infection?

A

Elderly and women

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2
Q

Which antibiotics cause antibiotic associated colitis?

A

Clindamycin
Ampicillin/amoxicillin
2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins
Quinolones

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3
Q

What is used to treat the first episode of mild-moderate antibiotic-associated colitis?

A

Oral metronidazole for 10-14 days

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4
Q

What is used to treat subsequent/severe infections/unresponsive to metronidazole antibiotic-associated colitis?

A

Oral vancomycin/fidoxamicin

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5
Q

Can you use loperamide in C. Diff or antibiotic associated colitis?

A

No. Contraindicated

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6
Q

What is the treatment for endocarditis?

A

Amoxicillin +/- low dose gentamicin

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7
Q

What is used to treat endocarditis in MRSA or the patient has a penicillin allergy?

A

Vancomycin

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8
Q

When do you use Flucloxacillin in endocarditis?

A

When it is caused by staphylococci

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9
Q

When do you use benzylpenicillin in endocarditis?

A

When it is caused by streptococci

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10
Q

What is the treatment for mild CAP?

A

7 days amoxicillin

Alternatives clarithromycin or doxycycline

14-21 days if caused by staphylococci

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11
Q

What is the treatment for moderate CAP?

A

Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin

OR doxycycline alone

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12
Q

What is the treatment for severe CAP?

A

Benzylpenicillin + Clarithromycin/Doxycycline

Add flucloxacillin if staphylococci suspected
Add vancomycin if MRSA suspected

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13
Q

What is the duration of treatment for CAP?

A

7 days

14-21 days if staphylococci

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14
Q

What is the duration of treatment for HAP?

A

7 days

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15
Q

What is the treatment for early onset HAP? (< 5 days)

A

Co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime

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16
Q

What is the treatment for severe HAP? (> 5 days)

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin

OR broad spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

Add vancomycin for MRSA
Add aminoglycoside for pseudomonas aeruginosa

17
Q

What is the treatment for meningococcal disease?

A

Benzylpenicillin

Cefotaxime if penicillin allergy
Chloramphenicol if immediate penicillin allergy

18
Q

What is the treatment for osteomyelitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

Clindamycin if penicillin allergic
If MRSA suspected - vancomycin

19
Q

What is used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol

20
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat impetigo?

A

Fusidic acid 7 days if small areas

Flucloxacillin for 7 days if widespread

21
Q

What is used to treat cellulitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

22
Q

What is used for animal and human bites?

A

Co-amoxiclav

OR doxycycline + metronidazole

23
Q

What is used to treat MRSA?

A

Tetracycline

OR sodium fusidate + rifampicin

Clindamycin (alternative)

Severe - glycopeptide or linezolid

24
Q

What is used to treat dental infections?

A

Metronidazole 200mg TDS for 3 days

Amoxicillin is alternative
Doxycycline for periodontitis

Change if no response after 48 hours

25
Q

What is used to treat a sore throat?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Severe - benzylpenicillin

Clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

26
Q

What is used to treat sinusitis?

A

Amoxicillin

OR Clarithromycin

OR doxycycline

27
Q

What is used to treat otitis externa?

A

Flucloxacillin

Clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

28
Q

What is used to treat otitis media?

A

Amoxicillin

Clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

Treat if no improvement after 72 hours or earlier if systemic symptoms

Pre-reg Exam 2021 (79 decks)

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