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Pre-reg Exam 2021 > OTC Respiratory > Flashcards

OTC Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of cold and flu?

A

Blocked/runny nose
Sneezing
Cough
Sore throat

Fever
Aches and pains
Headache, sinus pain
Earache
Irritated, watery eyes

Flu is more sudden and severe. Includes headache, marked myalgia, chills, malaise or high grade fever

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2
Q

When do you refer cold and flu?

A

No improvement after 2 weeks
Middle ear pain not improving with analgesics
Persisting productive cough and high grade fever
Vulnerable patients

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3
Q

What is used for fever, aches and pains OTC?

A

Paracetamol
Ibuprofen
Aspirin

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4
Q

What do you use for nasal congestion OTC?

A

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Xylometazoline, oxymetazoline

No more than 7 days

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5
Q

When should nasal decongestants be avoided?

A 
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism 
Diabetes 
CVD 
Glaucoma
Prostatic enlargement

MAOIs
TCAs
Beta blockers

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6
Q

Why is diphenhydramine used in cold/flu products?

A

Dries up nasal secretions

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7
Q

What is the advice for cold and flu?

A

Vitamin C and Echinacea

Wash hands

Cough or sneeze into tissue

Annual flu jab if at risk group

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of a non-productive cough?

A

Dry

Thickly

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of productive cough?

A

Chesty

Sputum

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10
Q

What are the referral criteria for coughs?

A 
> 3 weeks
Chest pain
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Pain on inspiration 
Recurrent night time cough
Whooping cough 
Croup
Coloured sputum
Blood in sputum
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11
Q

What does pink tinged sputum indicate?

A

Heart failure

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12
Q

What does rust coloured sputum indicate?

A

CAP

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13
Q

What are the OTC products for dry cough?

A

6+

Pholcodeine
Dextromethorpan

Codeine linctus 18+

Sedation and constipation

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14
Q

What are the OTC products for chesty cough?

A 
Expectorants 6+
Guaifenesin
Ipecacuanha - covonia
Ammonium chloride - unicough
Squill - buttercups
Antihistamines 6+
Diphenhydramine - benylin
Promethazine - night nurse
Brompheniramime
Triprolidine - actifed
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15
Q

What OTC products can be used for any cough?

A

Demulcente
Glycerol - 3+
Simple linctus - 1+

Safe for pregnant and children under 6

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16
Q

What is the advice for coughs?

A

Dry, tickly coughs are self limiting
Do not treat chesty coughs with an antitussive
Sugar free products in diabetics

17
Q

What are the symptoms of hayfever?

A

Itchy, watery eyes

Nasal symptoms

18
Q

What are the referral criteria for hay fever?

A

Chest tightness
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Cough

Purulent conjunctivitis
Painful ear/sinuses

19
Q

What are the OTC non-sedating antihistamines?

A

Acrivastine TDS 12-65
Cetirizine OD 6+, 2+ liquid
Loratadine OD 2+

20
Q

What are the sedating OTC antihistamines?

A

Chlorphenamine 6+, 1+ liquid

Promethazine 5+, 2+ liquid

21
Q

What are the cautions with antihistamines?

A

BPH
Glaucoma
Epilepsy
MAOIs contraindicated

22
Q

What are the OTC products for hay fever?

A

Steroid nasal sprays 18+, 3 months

Sodium cromoglicate
Xylometazoline

23
Q

What is the advice for hay fever?

A

Close windows, stay indoors when pollen high
Avoid grass
Exclude pets from areas of house

24
Q

What are the symptoms of sore throat?

A

Pain from back of throat
Pain on swallowing
Swollen lymph glands

25
Q

When is a sore throat referred?

A

> 1 week
Dysphagia
Hoarse voice > 3 weeks
Extremely painful and no improvement within 24-48 hours
Medication ADR - bone marrow suppression, ICS
Red, swollen tonsils, swollen lymph nodes

26
Q

What are the OTC products for sore throat?

A

Ibuprofen 400mg TDS
Paracetamol 1g QDS
Glycerin, honey

Benzydamine 12+ difflam rinse, 6+ spray
Flurbiprofen 12+ max 3 days, every 3-6 hours, max 5 lozenges in 24 hours

Gargle aspirin 16+

Lidocaine - covonia spray 12+
Benzocaine - tyrozet 3+, ultra 6+
Hexylresorcinol - strepsils extra 6+

27
Q

What is the advice for sore throats?

A 
Drink fluids
Avoid hot drinks
Eat cool, soft foods
Suck lozenges, sweets, ice cubes
Salty water
Avoid smoking
Diabetics use sugar free

Pre-reg Exam 2021 (79 decks)

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