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pre-reg exam 2021 > Thyroid Disorders > Flashcards

Thyroid Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A 
Heat intolerance
Weight loss
Diarrhoea
Tachycardia
Excitability
Tremors
Angina
Sweating 
Arrhythmias
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2
Q

What do thyroid hormones regulate?

A 
Metabolic rate
Heart rate
Digestive function
Muscle control
Brain development
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3
Q

What are the lab test results that suggest hyperthyroidism?

A

High T4 and T3

Low TSH

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action of carbimazole/propylthiouracil?

A

Anti thyroid drugs interfere with synthesis of thyroid hormones

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5
Q

What are the side effects of carbimazole?

A

Bone marrow suppression - agranulocytosis and neutropenia

Rashes/itching

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6
Q

What are the counselling points for carbimazole?

A

Report signs of infection - fever, malaise, mouth ulcers, sore throat

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7
Q

What are the side effects of propylthiouracil?

A

Hepatotoxicity

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8
Q

What are the counselling points for propylthiouracil?

A

Stop and report signs of liver failure

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis?

A 
Increased heart rate
Tachycardia
Heat intolerance
Diarrhoea
Dehydration
Seizures
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10
Q

What drugs cause thyrotoxicosis?

A

Anti thyroid drugs
Fluids
Hydrocortisone
Radioactive sodium iodide solution

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11
Q

What is used for symptomatic relief of thyrotoxicosis?

A

Propranolol

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12
Q

What drug needs to be given before a partial thyroidectomy?

A

Iodine 10-14 days before

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13
Q

What medications are used for hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?

A

1st trimester - propylthiouracil

2nd trimester - carbimazole

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?

A 
Cold intolerance
Weight gain
Constipation 
Bradycardia
Lethargy
Muscle cramps
Slow movements
Slow thoughts
Depression 
Hair thinning
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15
Q

What are the lab test results for hypothyroidism?

A

Low T3 and T4

High TSH

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16
Q

What is the mechanism of action of levothyroxine and liothyronine?

A

Synthetic thyroid hormones as replacement therapy

17
Q

What is the dose for levothyroxine?

A

Question anything above 200mcg

18
Q

How do you take levothyroxine?

A

In the morning at least30 minutes before breakfast, caffeine containing liquids or other medication

19
Q

When is liothyronine used?

A

It has a more rapid effect and is more potent

Used in severe hypothyroid emergencies

Care when switching brands

20
Q

What happens if the metabolism increases too quickly after being started on levothyroxine?

A

Cause hyperthyroidism symptoms

Reduce dose or withhold 1-2 days and start again at a lower dose

pre-reg exam 2021 (79 decks)

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