Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pre-reg Exam 2021 > Immunosuppressants > Flashcards

Immunosuppressants Flashcards

1
Q

What are immunosuppressants?

A

Suppresses or prevents the immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are immunosuppressants used for?

A

Transplant rejection

Inflammatory disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the antiproloferative immunosuppressants?

A

Azathioprine
Mercaptopurine
Mycophenolate mofetil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the other immunosuppressants?

A

Ciclosporin
Tacrolimus
Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can you have vaccines when on immunosuppressants?

A

Yes, but not live vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of azathioprine and mercaptopurine?

A

Mercaptopurine inhibits purine metabolism therefore DNA, RNA and protein synthesis

Azathioprine is metabolised to mercaptopurine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the side effects of azathioprine and mercaptopurine?

A

Hypersensitivity reactions - stop immediately

Bone marrow suppression - pre treatment screening for thiopurine methyl transferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the interactions for azathioprine/mercaptopurine?

A

Allopurinol - toxicity, inhibits metabolism of purines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of mycophenolate mofetil?

A

Metabolised to mycophenolic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the side effects of mycophenolate mofetil?

A

Hypogammaglobinaemia - recurrent infections
Bronchiectasis - respiratory symptoms
Bone marrow suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Can mycophenolate mofetil be used in pregnancy?

A

NO - genotoxic and teratogenic

Women - 2 methods of effective contraception until 6 weeks after discontinuing

Men - use condoms until 90 days after discontinuing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tacrolimus?

A

Calcineurin inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the side effects of tacrolimus?

A 
Heart - cardiomyopathy 
Kidney - nephropathy
Liver - hepatotoxicity 
Bone marrow - blood dyscrasias 
Blood - hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia
Neurotoxicity - headaches and tremors
Eye disorders - blurred vision, photophobia
Skin - rashes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the counselling points for tacrolimus?

A

Avoid sunlight
Avoid high potassium and grapefruit juice
Driving may be affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MHRA warning for tacrolimus?

A

Maintain on same brand of oral tacrolimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ciclosporin?

A

Lowers activity of T cells and their immune response

17
Q

What are the side effects of ciclosporin?

A

Nephrotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Blood dyscrasias
Hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, hyperkalaemia, hypomagnesaemia

Visual disturbances
Gingival hyperplasia
Neurotoxicity

18
Q

What are the counselling points for ciclosporin?

A

Avoid sunlight

Avoid high potassium and grapefruit juice

19
Q

What is the MHRA advice on ciclosporin?

A

Maintain on same brand

Pre-reg Exam 2021 (79 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions