Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BB > Organisation & Location of UMN pathways > Flashcards

Organisation & Location of UMN pathways Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role the reticulospinal tracts? [1]

formed from? [2]

A

what is the role the reticulospinal tracts? [1]
influence voluntary movement: mainly of axial and girdle muscles for postural stability (makes sure we switch on right muscles to not fall over)

formed from? [2]
RF of pons [1] & medulla [1]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe how reticulospinal tracts from

a) pons
b) medulla

descend xx

A

describe how reticulospinal tracts from

a) pons: descend ipsilaterally as medial reticulospinal tract
b) medulla: descend bilaterally in the lateral reticulospinal tract

​descend xx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe the functions of the reticulospinal tracts from

a) medial reticulospinal tract (from the pons)
b) lateral reticulospinal tract (from the medulla)

​descend xx

A

describe the functions of the reticulospinal tracts from

a) medial reticulospinal tract (from the pons)
* *control axial and extensor motor neurons = extension of legs**
* *stepping**

b) lateral reticulospinal tract (from the medulla):
flexor motor neurons
inhibits medial reticulospinal tract: switches off extensors & modulates stretch reflex

BOTH are located in white matter !!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

extensor muscles are associated with

medial reticulospinal tracts
lateral reticulospinal tracts

A

extensor muscles are associated with

medial reticulospinal tracts
​lateral reticulospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

steering of head and trunk in response to external stimuli is associated with:

medial reticulospinal tracts
​lateral reticulospinal tracts

A

steering of head and trunk in response to external stimuli is associated with:

medial reticulospinal tracts
​lateral reticulospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

reduces muscle tone (atonia), especailly when in REM sleep:

medial reticulospinal tracts
​lateral reticulospinal tracts

A

reduces muscle tone (atonia), especailly when in REM sleep:

medial reticulospinal tracts
​lateral reticulospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the role of potine reticular formation? [2]

does the pontine reticular formation descend ipsi or contralaterally? [1] in which part of stem? [1]

A

what is the role of potine reticular formation? [2]
axial and extensor motor neurons
stepping

does the pontine reticular formation descend ipsi or contralaterally?
ipsilaterally on medial side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the role of medulla reticular formation? [2]

does the medulla reticular formation descend ipsi or contralaterally? [1] in which part of stem? [1]

A

what is the role of medulla reticular formation? [2]
flexor motor neurons
inhibits medial reticulospinal tract

does the medulla reticular formation descend ipsi or contralaterally? [1] in which part of stem? [1]
bilaterally in lateral reticulospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which out of medial / pontine reticulospinal or lateral reticulospinal is for posture?

medial / pontine reticulospinal
lateral reticulospinal

A

which out of medial / pontine reticulospinal or lateral reticulospinal is for posture?

medial / pontine reticulospinal
lateral reticulospinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which out of medial / pontine reticulospinal or lateral reticulospinal makes your body floppy / loss of muscle tone (atonia) when you sleep?

medial / pontine reticulospinal
lateral reticulospinal

A

which out of medial / pontine reticulospinal or lateral reticulospinal makes your body floppy / loss of muscle tone (atonia) when you sleep?

medial / pontine reticulospinal
lateral reticulospinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which of the following facilitates y-motor neurons of extenors of body?

corticospinal tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract
lateral reticulospinal tract
medial reticulospinal tract

A

which of the following facilitates y-motor neurons of extenors of body?

corticospinal tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract
lateral reticulospinal tract
medial reticulospinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which of the following inhibits y-motor neurons of extenors of body?

corticospinal tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract
lateral reticulospinal tract
medial reticulospinal tract

A

which of the following inhibits y-motor neurons of extenors of body?

corticospinal tract
anterior spinocerebellar tract
posterior spinocerebellar tract
lateral reticulospinal tract
medial reticulospinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

after information comes inm where is the main region of the brain that decides if action should be sympathetic or parasympathetic? [1]

A

after information comes inm where is the main region of the brain that decides if action should be sympathetic or parasympathetic? [1]
nucleus of solitary tract!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does the reticulospinal tract influence body’s autonomic control? !!

A

reticulospinal tract projects to the preganglionic autonomic neurons (both parasympathetic and sympathetic) SO if damaged: get loss of blood pressure, temp regulation and bladder and bowel control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

explain v basic overview of afferent –> motor for autonomic control x

A
  • afferent receptors (like baroreceptors / chemoreceptors etc) go via visceral sensory afferents to brain & hypothalamus
  • autonomic control system (i_n hypothalamus AND reticular formation_) sends information to motor output (para or sym)
17
Q

how does RF influence respiratory control? [2]

A

- pneumotactic centre (superior pons) sends inhib impulse to inspiratory centre of medulla: switches off inspiration (allows you to breathe out !! )

- apneustic centre (inferior pons) prolongs inspiration (increases depth of inspiration for 2 secs then inhibited by pneuomotaxic centre)

18
Q

how does RF influence pain modulation? [2]

what happens to this system during sleep? [1]

A

serotonergic raphe magnus nucleus
&
noradrenergic cell groups

activation causes inhibition of nociceptive (pain) information

what happens to this system during sleep? [1]
reduces in sleep

19
Q

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating generalised arousal level?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
adrenaline

A

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating generalised arousal level?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

20
Q

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating attention (direction of conciousness)?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

A

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating attention (direction of conciousness)?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

21
Q

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating selection of object of attention, based upon goals?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

A

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating selection of object of attention, based upon goals?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

22
Q

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating motivation and motor activity?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

A

which of the following influences conciousness by modulating motivation and motor activity?

noradrenaline
ACh
serotonin
dopamine
​adrenaline

23
Q

how does reticular activating system (RAS) influence sleep?

A

neurons in the RF can set the pace of acivity in neurons throughout the brain:

e.g:

ascending arousal system
during alert wakefulness (low voltage, fast electrical activtity in EEG)
during deep sleep (high voltage, slow electrical activtity in EEG)

24
Q

what happens to delta wave of EEG during sleep?

what happens during REM sleep?

A

delta waves in EEG block transmission of sensory information to thalamus !

REM sleep: in beta rhythms (similar to being awake), but also have atonia (keep you asleep)

25
Q

** learn ! **

which part of the brain is sleep promoting [1]
which parts are arousal promoting? [2]

A

sleep promoting:
anterior hypothalamus. inhibit wake promoting neurons

ascending arousal systems:
RF
Posterior hypothalamus

BB (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions