Anatomy of the neck Flashcards
what makes up the posterior triangle of neck?
- posterior border? [1]
- anterior border? [1]
- other border? lol [1]
what important structures run through it? [4]
what makes up the posterior triangle of neck? [3]
- posterior border: sternocloidomastoid
- anterior border: trapezius
- other border: middle 1/3 clavicle
what important structures run through it? [4]
- *- spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)** comes out of it and **innervates the trapezius
- external jugular vein
- brachail plexus (in inferior section)
- part of subclavian**
what is the difference in the prominance of EJV
- for normal venous pressure? [1]
- raised venous pressure? [1]
what is the difference in the prominance of EJV
- for normal venous pressure? [1]
- *visible above clavicle for less that 4cm**
- raised venous pressure? [1]
- *prominent throughout course**
what is A?
what is B?
what is A: EJV
what is B: sternocleidomastoid
spinal accessory nerve:
- come from which spinal levels?
- describe the route:
a) enters brain?
b) exits brain? - type of innervation?
spinal accessory nerve:
- come from which spinal levels: C1-5
- describe the route:
a) enters brain: foramen magnum
b) exits brain: jugular foramen - type of innervation: motor
why is there a difference in spinal accessory nerve injury affecting traps and sternocloidomastal? [1]
which is more likely to be injured? [1]
why is there a difference in spinal accessory nerve injury affecting traps and sternocloidomastal? [1]
different sub cut pathway: comes off first and more protected e.g. from lymph node surgery
trapezius more likely to be damaged
if have spinal accessory CN XI damage - what movement of arm would u see impaired? [1]
if have spinal accessory CN XI damage - what movement of arm would u see impaired? [1]
difficulty abducting arm above 90 degrees
what is the ansa cervicalis?
where is it found? [1]
which spinal cord nerve rootlets make it? [3]
what does it provide motor innervation to? [1]
what is the ansa cervicalis?
where is it found? [1]
cervical plexus
which spinal cord nerve rootlets make it? [3]
C1, C2, C3
what does it provide motor innervation to? [1]
infrahyoid muscles
which of the following is submental division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is submental division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is carotid division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is carotid division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is submandibular / digastric division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is submandibular / digastric division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is the muscular division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
which of the following is the muscular division of anterior triangle?
A
B
C
D
what is each section?
purple:
green:
red
yellow?
what is each section?
purple: digastric
green: submental
red: carotid
yellow: muscular
label the borders of the carotid triangle xx
why is the carotid triangle clinically relevent?
- what vasculature goes through it? [2]
- which nerves? [6]
why is the carotid triangle clinically relevent?
- what vasculature goes through it? [2]
common carotid artery (In & Ex)
internal jugular vein
- which nerves? [6]
- *- glossopharyngeal**
- **vagus
- spinal accessory
- hypoglossal**
- *- cervical symp trunk
- ansa cervicalis**
where do u find the carotid body? [1]
what type of receptors do u find in the carotid body? [1]
whre do u find carotid sinus?
what type of receptors do u find in the carotid sinus? [1]
where do u find the carotid body? [1]
bifurcation of carotid artery (into internal CA & external CA)
what type of receptors do u find in the carotid body? [1]
chemorecptors
whre do u find carotid sinus?
bifurcation of carotid artery (into internal CA & external CA)
what type of receptors do u find in the carotid sinus? [1]
baroreceptors
which structures are always in the carotid sheath? xx [3]
which structures escape the carotid sheath? [4]
which structures are just outside? [2]
which structures are always in the carotid sheath? xx [3]
common and internal carotid arteries
internal jugular vein
vagus nerve
which structures escape the carotid sheath? 4]
CNIX
Superior laryngeal nerve
spinal root of CN XI
CN XII
which structures are just outside? [2]
ansa cervicalis
sympathetic trunk
what is the overall role of the suprahyoid muslces ? [1]
what is the overall role of the infrahyoid muscles? [1]
combined, what do these guys do? [1]
what is the overall role of the suprahyoid muslces ? [1]
elevate the hyoid and larynx
what is the overall role of the infrahyoid muscles? [1]
depress hyoid and larynx during swallowin and speaking
combined, what do these guys do? [1]
move larynx as a whole xx
what happens to the rima glottidis during:
- normal resp
- deep resp
- phonation
- whispering
what happens to the rima glottidis during:
- normal resp: narrow slit (laryngeal muscles relax)
- deep resp: open wide (vocal ligaments abducted by contraction of posterior cricoarytenoids(
- phonation: air if forced between vocal ligaments to create sound
- whispering: vocal ligaments strongly adducted by relaxed arytenoids
MESS:
for posterior triangle, what is the
- posterior border
- inferior border
- anterior border
MESS:
for posterior triangle, what is the
- posterior border: SCM
- inferior border: middle 1/3 clavicle
- anterior border: trapezius
MESS:
which important structures run through the posterior triangle? [3]
- spinal accessory nerve
- external jugular vein
- part of subclavian artery
- part of brachial plexus
which borders create the anterior triangle? [3]
midline of neck (chin to jugular notch)
mandible
SCM
which neck triangle would you find the thryoid and parathyroid glands?
Submandibular/digastric
carotid triangle
muscular
submental
which neck triangle would you find the thryoid and parathyroid glands?
Submandibular/digastric
carotid triangle
muscular
submental
MESS:
what are the borders of the carotid triangle? [3]
the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, and the anterior border of the SCM.
