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BB > Brainstem and CN nerve Part 1 > Flashcards

Brainstem and CN nerve Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the brainstem? [3]

A
  • conduit: spinal tracts go through it
  • CN functions: sensory input & motor output of head, & parasymp output, special sense & reflexs come out via
  • *- integrative centres in the brainstem:
    i) **reticuloformation
    ii) sesnsorimotor integration
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2
Q

where does the brainstem start?

C1
C2
C3
C4
​C5

which structure does it start before? [1]

A

where does the brainstem start?

C1
C2
C3
C4
​C5

which structure does it start before? [1]
foramen magnun

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3
Q

* what is the general rule with where motor nuclei are? and sensory nuclei are? *

A

motor nuclei / tracts: move medially

sensory nuclei / tracts: more laterally

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4
Q

1what is the dorso-ventral organisation of the brainstem?

  • dorsal part = ? [1]
  • middle part = ? [2]
  • ventral part = ? [1]
    2. why are the conduit functions of the brainstem important? [2]
A

what is the dorso-ventral organisation of the brainstem?

  • dorsal part = sensory
  • middle part = ascending pathways & reticular formation
  • ventral part = descending motor pthways
  1. why are the conduit functions of the brainstem important? [2]
    - allow integration at subconcious, reflexive levels by connectivity with brainstem
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

which of the following is really spread out in the midbrain?

Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus
Spinocerebellar
Cortiocospinal
Spinothalamic

A

which of the following is really spread out in the midbrain?

Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus
Spinocerebellar
Cortiocospinal
Spinothalamic

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7
Q

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • closed medulla
A

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • *- closed medulla**
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8
Q

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • closed medulla
A

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • closed medulla
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9
Q

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • closed medulla
A

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • *- open medulla**
  • closed medulla
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10
Q

label A-E of the midbrain XX

A

A: pineal gland
B: superior colliculi
C: inferior colliculi
D: cerbral peduncles
E: oculomotor nerve

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11
Q

which of the following regulates circadian rthym?

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following regulates circadian rthym?

A
B
C
D
​E

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12
Q

midbrain:

what is role of:

  • superior colliculi [1]
  • inferior colliculi [1]
  • cerebral peduncles [1]
  • pineal gland
A

midbrain:

what is role of:

  • superior colliculi [1]
  • *eye movements and visual processing**
  • inferior colliculi [1]
  • *auditory processing**
  • cerebral peduncles [1]
  • *contains tracts descending from thalamus (CST & CBT)**
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13
Q

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • open medulla
  • closed medulla
A

which part of the brainstem in this?

  • midbrain
  • pons
  • *- open medulla**
  • closed medulla
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14
Q

which of the following has the corticospinal tracts in ?

A
B
C
D
E

A

which of the following has the corticospinal tracts in ?

A
B
C
D: cerebral peduncles
​E

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15
Q

which of the following is involved in eye movements and visual processing?

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following is involved in eye movements and visual processing?

A
B: superior colliculi
C
D
​E

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16
Q

which of the following regulates circadian rthym?

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following regulates circadian rthym?

A
B
C
D
​E

17
Q

which of the following is involved in auditory processing?

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following regulates circadian rthym?

A
B
C
D
​E

18
Q

which of the following is involved in startle reflex?

  • superior colliculi
  • inferior colliculi
  • cerebral peduncles
    ​- pineal gland
A

which of the following is involved in startle reflex?

  • superior colliculi
    - inferior colliculi : integrate sound with look to see whats causing that sound
  • cerebral peduncles
    ​- pineal gland
19
Q

which level of the brainstaim did you find cerebral aquaduct?

midbrain
medulla
thalamus
pons
corpus callosum

A

which level of the brainstaim did you find cerebral aquaduct?

midbrain
medulla
thalamus
pons
corpus callosum

20
Q

which CN do u find in the midbrain? [2]

which are their functions? [2]

A

which CN do u find in the midbrain? [2]

oculomotor nerve (CNIII): controls eyelid and eyemovents [1]; parasym to pupil & lens [1]

trochlear nerve (CN IV): eye movement

21
Q

cerebellum sits posteriorly to:

midbrain
medulla
thalamus
pons
corpus callosum

A

cerebellum sits posteriorly to:

midbrain
medulla
thalamus
pons
corpus callosum

22
Q

what is main role of pons? [1]

which CNs originate from pons? [4]

A

what is main role of pons? [1]
asecending and descending tracts pass through;
connects with cerebellum

which CNs originate from pons? [4]
trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulochoclear (CN VIII)

23
Q

which of the following provides parasympathetic innervation to lacrimal gland?

trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulochoclear (CN VIII)

A

which of the following provides parasympathetic innervation to lacrimal gland?

trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulochoclear (CN VIII)

24
Q

medulla role:

  • contains which nucleus? [1] function? [1]
  • contains which CN? [4]
A

medulla role:

  • contains which nucleus: nucleus of solitary tract - blood flow info & info about 02 and c02 lvls
  • contains which CN? [4]
    glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
    vagus nerve (CN X)
    spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
    hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
25
Q

which of the following provides innervation to the parotid gland/

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 
vagus nerve (CN X)
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
A

which of the following provides innervation to the parotid gland/

​glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
vagus nerve (CN X)
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

26
Q

which structure connects the cerebellum to the brainstem? [1]

A

which structure connects the cerebellum to the brainstem? [1]
cerebral penduncles

27
Q

*** know this ***

which CN are pure sensory nerves? [3]

which CN are pure motor nerves? [5]

which CN are mixed motor and sensory? [4]

A

*** know this ***

which CN are pure sensory nerves? [3]
olfactory nerve (CN I)
optic nerve (CN II)
vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

which CN are pure motor nerves? [5]
oculomotor nerve - CN III)
trochlear nerve - CN IV
spinal accessory nerve - CN XI
hypoglossal nerve - CN XII
abducens nerve - CN VI

which CN are mixed motor and sensory? [4]
trigeminal
facial
glosso
VN

Some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter more

S: sensory (olfactory nerve - CN I)

S: sensory (optic nerve - CN II)

M: motor (oculomotor nerve - CN III)

M: motor (trochlear nerve - CN IV)

B: both (trigeminal nerve - CN V)

M: motor (abducens nerve - CN VI)

B: both (facial nerve - CN VII)

S: sensory (vestibulocochlear nerve - CN VIII)

B: both (glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX)

B: both (vagus nerve - CN X)

M: motor (spinal accessory nerve - CN XI)

M: motor (hypoglossal nerve - CN XII)

28
Q

where on

where do the nuclei tend to be of CN? [1]

A

in the middle / medial -> outwards

motor nerves (M4M) (purple)
motor nuclei of mixed nerves
parasympathetic nerves
sensory

where do the nuclei tend to be of CN? [1]
nuclei tend to be in region where CN enters / exit

29
Q

which CN spans all of the brainstem? [1]

A

which CN spans all of the brainstem? [1]
facial nerve!!

30
Q

explain the pupillary light reflex x

  • what is the afferent CN?
  • what is the efferent CN?
A

explain the pupillary light reflex x

  • what is the afferent CN: CN II
  • what is the efferent CN: CN III
  • light shines in (through retina)
  • splits at optic chiasm to L&R
  • goes to Endinger-Westphal nucleus (part of III)
  • CN III –> cillary ganglion: closes iris

both pupils constrict !!

31
Q

where are the lesions?

Lesion 1:
Lesion 2:

A

where are the lesions?

Lesion 1: Right CN II
Lesion 2: **Right CN III

if things are same = CN II lesion (afferent is ruined)
if things are different = CN III lesions (efferent ruiend)**

32
Q

how do u test the accomodatin reflex?

which CN nerves testing? [2]

which rectus muscle are you testing?

what 3 reactions are u testing? [3]

A

what is the accomodation reflex?
ask to focus on something far away, and pull closer

which CN nerves testing? [2]
CN II & III

testing 3 reactions:
constriction of pupils
thickening of lens (cilliary muscle constriction)
convergenece of eye balls ( CNIII:movement of eyeballs -medial rectus muscle !!)

33
Q

Dolls eye reflex:

Afferent CN? [1]
Efferent CNs? [3]

how do u test? what is a normal reflex and abnormal reflex?

A

Dolls eye reflex:

Afferent CN? [1]: CN VIII
Efferent CNs? [3] CN III, CN IV, CN VI

  • tested by turning head side to side
  • normal reflex: head moves to right, eyes move left
  • abnormal refelx: head moves to right, eyes follow
34
Q

what structure connexts the cranial nerve nuclei controlling eye movement and the vestibular nuclei? [1]

A

medial longitudinal fasiculus:
CN III, IV and VI

35
Q

Blink reflex:

afferent CN?
efferent CN?

A

Blink reflex:

afferent CN: trigeminal - V1
(but also bright light (CN II & loud noise CN VIII))

efferent CN: CN VII - acts on orbicularis occuli muscle to close

36
Q

gag reflex:

afferent CN?
efferent CN?

A

gag reflex:

afferent CN: CN IX
efferent CN: CN X

37
Q
A

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