Oral contraceptives

Question 1

common uses for oral contraceptives

Answer 1

acne (w/contraceptive desire)
contraception
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
menopausal hormone therapy
premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Question 2

oral contraceptive meds

Answer 2

combination:
ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (1 wk rest period w/placebo)

progestin only:
norethindrone (no inactive period - ovulation continues)

Question 3

pregnancy mechanism of action

Answer 3

hypothalamus releases FSH and LH which starts ovulation and thickens uterine lining

Question 4

oral contraceptive mechanism of action

Answer 4

estrogen inhibits release of FSH

progestin inhibits release of LH

stops ovulation, thins uterine lining, thickens cervical mucus

Question 5

issues w/oral contraceptive

Answer 5

DVT, PE, MI, stroke
risk factors: smoking, hx thromboembolism, thrombophilias

increase rate of breast cancer growth
no protection against STIs

Question 6

missed dose of oral contraceptive

Answer 6

see pg. 766-778

Question 7

new contraceptive delivery systems

Answer 7

transdermal patch
once a week for 3wks, no patch 4th wk

vaginal ring
wear 3wks, no ring 4th wk
rinse w/H20 if falls on floor

Question 8

sx of DVT

Answer 8

edema
erythema
warmth