Antihypertensive

Question 1

mechanism of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer 1

angiotensin II, after conversion by several enzymes, causes vasoconstriction and release of aldosterone which incites reabsorption of salt and water in the body

Question 2

ACE inhibitors mechanism of action

Answer 2

block the enzyme which converts angiotensin to its active form, causing vasodilation and excretion of sodium and water (aldosterone release inhibited)

Question 3

Angiotensin II receptor blockers mechanism of action

Answer 3

block angiotensin II receptors in the kidney, causing vasodilation and excretion of sodium and water (aldosterone release inhibited)

Question 4

ACE inhibitor meds

Answer 4

Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril
-prils

Question 5

ARB meds

Answer 5

Losartan

-sartans

Question 6

Uses of RAAS meds

Answer 6

HTN
heart failure
cardioprotection (inhibition of fibrous remodeling after MI - ACE only)

Question 7

problems w/RAAS meds

Answer 7

first dose orthostatic hypoTN
hyperkalemia
angioedema–>blocked airway

ACE inhibitors only:
persistent cough

Question 8

clonidine

Answer 8

anti-HTN
drowsiness, dry mouth
avoid: other CNS depressants

Question 9

nitroprusside

Answer 9

HTN crisis - drastic drop in BP
must be protected from light
may cause cyanide poisoning