Drugs and Classes (Including Pharm I) Flashcards
verapamil
calcium channel blocker - decrease BP, HR
HTN, angina pectoris, peripheral edema, CCBS: peripheral edema, constipation, bradycardia, syncope
avoid: grapefruit juice
venlafaxine
anti-depressant, neuropathic pain
SNRI 5 s’s plus HTN
vasopressin
diabetes insipidus - IV only, vasoconstriction
headache, chest pain d/t vasoconstriction
varenicline
nicotine cessation - partial agonist at nicotinic receptors to reduce reward of nicotine
N (common), suicidal ideation (rare)!!
valproic acid
anti-epileptic, take w/food
GI, hepatotoxicity
trihexyphenidyl
Parkinson’s 2nd line of defense
anticholinergic, sedative
trazodone
misc anti-depressant for insomnia
anticholinergic, sedative, “trazerect”
tranylcypromine
anti-depressant MAOI (MAO-A)
HTN crisis, 5HT syndrome, orthostatic hypoTN
avoid: -triptans (migraine), meperidine (opioid), other antidepressants, OTC cold meds
tiotropium
long-acting anticholinergic mainly for COPD
dry mouth
timolol
glaucoma beta-adrenergic blockerbradychardia, hypotension, bronchoconstriction
contraindicated for pts w/CV dz and/or asthma
sumatriptan
migraine abortive, serotonin 1B/1D vasoconstrictor
chest pain, arm heavy
avoid: other ergot alkaloids (migraine meds), antidepressants
contraindicated for pt w/hx CV dz d/t
spironolactone
diuretic
increases potassium levels–>hyperkalemia: arrhythmias, fatigue, cramps, palpitations, N/V
may cause endocrine issues
avoid: K rich foods, salt substitutes
sodium bicarbonate
combined w/activated charcoal and IV fluids to combat aspirin toxicity
tx for hyperkalemia makes K+–>cell
increases blood pH (more basic)
simvastatin
dislipidemia halt formation of VLDL, LDL
hepatotoxic, myopathic
rhabdomyolysis
avoid: grapefruit juice
sertraline
SSRI anti-depressant
stomach/GI problems, slowed metabolism, sexual dysfuntion, suicidal ideation, sedating
selegiline transdermal
anti-depressant MAOI (MAO-A)
HTN crisis, 5HT syndrome, orthostatic hypoTN
avoid: -triptans (migraine), meperidine (opioid), other antidepressants, OTC cold meds
selegiline
Parkinson’s MAO-B inhibitor
avoid tyramine, antidepressants, meperidine
salmeterol
long term beta2 agonist COPD meds
tachycardia, tremors
rosuvastatin
dislipidemia halt formation of VLDL, LDL
hepatotoxic, myopathic
rhabdomyolysis
avoid: grapefruit juice
risperidone
SGA anti-psychotic - block specific DA receptors and 5HT, severe stage Alzheimer’s
metabolic syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome FEVER
propranolol
β1, β2 blocker slows HR, lowers BP, bronchoconstricts
bradycardia, hypoTN, masked hypoglycemia d/t blocked adrenaline, bronchoconstriction!
HOLD if HR<50; contraindicated for pts w/resp dz
do not abruptly discontinue
cardioprotection post MI
promethazine
antihistamine/antiemetic, 1st gen H1 blocker, D2 block, α1 block
sedation, anticholinergic, EPS, orthostatic hypoTN
avoid: ETOH, CNS depressants
do NOT give to children<2yo
infiltration causes gangrene
pregabalin
technically antiepileptic, but used for neuropathic pain
prednisone
oral glucocorticoid
CUSHINGOID
adrenal insufficiency: flu-like sx, hypoTN