November 13 #2 Flashcards
What are the clinical features of Hepatitis A
Flu like prodrome
Abdo pain- RUQ
Hepatomegaly
Jaundice
Deranged LFTs
What LFTs derangements are seen in Hepatitis A?
Grossly elevated ALT
Grossly elevated AST
What are features of Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
Lungs- panacinar emphysema- mostly in lower lobes
Liver- cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in adults, cholesteasis in children
When is Desferrioxamine indicated in haemochromatosis?
If venesection is contraindicated e.g. Cardiomyopathy or anaemia
(Removes excess iron from the blood)
What are symptoms of Wilsons disease?
Speech problems
Behavioural problems
Psych disturbances
Chorea
Dementia
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
What is an adverse effect of Sulfasalazine?
Reduced Sperm count- reversed on discontinuation of drug
What criteria is used to select patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who would be suitable for transplant?
Milan Criteria
1 nodule <5cm or
2-3 nodules <3cm
What are symptoms of B3 deficiency?
Pellagra- overarching name
Diarrhoea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Death
What is Carcinoid Syndrome?
Mets in the liver that release serotonin into the circulation
What are features of Carcinoid Syndrome?
Flushing
Diarrhoea
Bronchospasm
Hypotension
What is the management of carcinoid syndrome?
Somatostatin analogues e.g. ocreotide
Cyproheptadine for diarrhoea
How is IBS diagnosed?
Abdo pain relieved by defacation OR altered bowel habits
PLUS 2 of the following
Bloating/distnesion
Mucous in stools
Symptoms worsened on eating
Altered stool passage- urgency/straining
What are histological findings in Corhns?
Granulomas
INcreased goblet cells
Inflammation in all layers
What are histological findings in UC?
No inflammation beyond submucosa
Crypt abscesses
Depletion of goblet cells
Infrequent granulomas
What are the investigations for carcinoid tumours?
Urinary 5-HIAA
Plasma chromogranin
