4 January Flashcards
What is the difference between Ranson and Modified Glasgow score for pancreatitis?
Ranson- predicts mortality with initial blood values and 48 hours later bloods
Glasgow- severity
What are features of scrotal teratoma?
Non tender mass attached to testicle
Does not transilluminate
Can get above mass
What are features of Gilbert Syndrome?
Autosomal recessive condition of defective bilirubin conjugation
Presents with mild Jaundice
No treatment required
What are investigations and management of phaeochromocytoma?
24 hour urinary metanephrines
Surgical managed but first stabilised by medical
Give alpha blocker and then add in beta blocker
What are features of Klinefelter Syndrome?
47XXY
Taller than average
Small firm testes
Lack of secondary characteristics
Gynaecomastia
Low testosterone but elevated gonadotrophin levels
What is the management of Lyme disease?
Doxycycline
Amoxicillin if contraindicated e.g. Pregnancy
Ceftriaxone if disseminated disease
What is the management of fungal nail infections?
Limited involved <50% of nail or <2 nails
- topical Amorolfine 5% 6 months for finger and 12 for toe
More extensive
- oral terbinafine 6weeks-3 months for finger, 3-6 months for toe
Extensive involvement due to Candida
- oral itraconazole
- try above first
What are features of patellar tendonitis?
Overuse tendinopathy associated with jumping sports
Anterior knee pain
Tenderness along patellar tendon
Pain on extension of knee against resistance
What antibodies are present in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?
pANCA
How to differentiate serotonin syndrome from Neurlopetic malignant syndrome?
Serotonin- myoclonus
What are features of membranous neophropathy?
Nephrotic Syndrome
Caused by malignancy, Hep B and malaria
Electron miscroscopy
- Spike and Dome appearance
- Thickened Basement membrane
Antiphospholipase A2 antibodies
ACEI
What are features of Pulmonary Hypertension?
SoB
Peripheral Oedema
Right ventricular heave
Loud P2
Raised JVP with A waves
Tricuspid regurg- pansystolic murmur
What is the most common cause of parathyroid cancer?
Solitary parathyroid adenoma
What are features of parathyroid adenoma?
Symptoms of hypercalcaemia
Bloods
- PTH raised/normal
- raised Ca
- Low phosphate
What are features of globus?
History of anxiety
Intermittent dysphagia
Otherwise well
What are features of Chronic Paroxysmal hermicrania?
20 attacks a day
Severe headaches lasting 5-10 minutes
Eye lacrimation
Treat with Indomethacin
What are features of pellagra?
Deficiency of Vitamin B3 (niacin)
Diarrhoea
Dementia
Dermatitis
What is Meig syndrome?
Benign Ovarian tumour
Ascites
Pleural Effusion
What are features of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome?
Abdo pain
N&V
Oliguria
Oedema
Ascites VTE
Hydrothorax
What are feature of Discoid Lupus erythematosus?
Annular erythematous scaly lesions
Removal of superficial scale- follicular keratin plugs with carpet tack appearance
Leads to scarring alopecia
Treatment
1) Steroids
2) Hydroxychloroquine
What are side effects of lithium?
Fine tremot
Diabetes inspidus
Hypothyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcaemia
What are features of congenital rubella syndrome?
Blue muffin rash
Sensorineural hearing loss
Congenital heart disease- PDA
Cataracts
Microcephaly