4 January Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between Ranson and Modified Glasgow score for pancreatitis?

A

Ranson- predicts mortality with initial blood values and 48 hours later bloods
Glasgow- severity

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2
Q

What are features of scrotal teratoma?

A

Non tender mass attached to testicle
Does not transilluminate
Can get above mass

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3
Q

What are features of Gilbert Syndrome?

A

Autosomal recessive condition of defective bilirubin conjugation
Presents with mild Jaundice

No treatment required

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4
Q

What are investigations and management of phaeochromocytoma?

A

24 hour urinary metanephrines

Surgical managed but first stabilised by medical
Give alpha blocker and then add in beta blocker

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5
Q

What are features of Klinefelter Syndrome?

A

47XXY

Taller than average
Small firm testes
Lack of secondary characteristics
Gynaecomastia
Low testosterone but elevated gonadotrophin levels

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6
Q

What is the management of Lyme disease?

A

Doxycycline
Amoxicillin if contraindicated e.g. Pregnancy
Ceftriaxone if disseminated disease

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7
Q

What is the management of fungal nail infections?

A

Limited involved <50% of nail or <2 nails
- topical Amorolfine 5% 6 months for finger and 12 for toe

More extensive
- oral terbinafine 6weeks-3 months for finger, 3-6 months for toe

Extensive involvement due to Candida
- oral itraconazole
- try above first

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7
Q

What are features of patellar tendonitis?

A

Overuse tendinopathy associated with jumping sports
Anterior knee pain

Tenderness along patellar tendon
Pain on extension of knee against resistance

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8
Q

What antibodies are present in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?

A

pANCA

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9
Q

How to differentiate serotonin syndrome from Neurlopetic malignant syndrome?

A

Serotonin- myoclonus

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10
Q

What are features of membranous neophropathy?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome
Caused by malignancy, Hep B and malaria

Electron miscroscopy
- Spike and Dome appearance
- Thickened Basement membrane

Antiphospholipase A2 antibodies
ACEI

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11
Q

What are features of Pulmonary Hypertension?

A

SoB
Peripheral Oedema

Right ventricular heave
Loud P2
Raised JVP with A waves
Tricuspid regurg- pansystolic murmur

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of parathyroid cancer?

A

Solitary parathyroid adenoma

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13
Q

What are features of parathyroid adenoma?

A

Symptoms of hypercalcaemia

Bloods
- PTH raised/normal
- raised Ca
- Low phosphate

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14
Q

What are features of globus?

A

History of anxiety
Intermittent dysphagia
Otherwise well

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15
Q

What are features of Chronic Paroxysmal hermicrania?

A

20 attacks a day
Severe headaches lasting 5-10 minutes
Eye lacrimation

Treat with Indomethacin

16
Q

What are features of pellagra?

A

Deficiency of Vitamin B3 (niacin)

Diarrhoea
Dementia
Dermatitis

17
Q

What is Meig syndrome?

A

Benign Ovarian tumour
Ascites
Pleural Effusion

18
Q

What are features of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome?

A

Abdo pain
N&V
Oliguria
Oedema
Ascites VTE
Hydrothorax

19
Q

What are feature of Discoid Lupus erythematosus?

A

Annular erythematous scaly lesions
Removal of superficial scale- follicular keratin plugs with carpet tack appearance

Leads to scarring alopecia

Treatment
1) Steroids
2) Hydroxychloroquine

20
Q

What are side effects of lithium?

A

Fine tremot
Diabetes inspidus
Hypothyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcaemia

21
Q

What are features of congenital rubella syndrome?

A

Blue muffin rash
Sensorineural hearing loss
Congenital heart disease- PDA
Cataracts
Microcephaly