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French grammar > Nouns and articles > Flashcards

Nouns and articles Flashcards

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1
Q

Plurality

  • al nouns become … (e.g. journal)
  • eau nouns become… (e.g. chateau)
  • eu nouns become… (e.g. jeu)
  • ou nouns become… (e.g. bijou)

What happens in the plural form to nouns ending in -s, -z, or -x ?

A
  • al → -aux, (some exceptions, e.g. un festival becomes des festivals.)
  • eau → -eaux
  • eu → -eux
  • ou → -oux

They stay the same (e.g. un cas, deux cas; un choix, deux choix; un gaz, des gaz)

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2
Q

Plularity.

  • Nouns that are always plural
  • Give a noun where a different word is used for the singular and the plural (body part)
A 
les gens - people
les vacances - holiday
les cheveux - hair
les lunettes - glasses
les actualités/les infos - the news
les toilettes - toilet

un œil → deux yeux (one eye → two eyes)

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3
Q

Masculine or feminine endings.

  • eau, (château) – castle
  • isme, (racisme) – racism
  • ment, (médicament) – medicine
  • ade, (promenade) – walk
  • ode, (mode) – fashion
  • ude, (l’habitude) – habit
  • ance, (confiance) – confidence
  • ence, (licence) – degree
  • ette, (vedette) – film star
  • sion, (télévision) – television
  • tion, (natation) – swimming
  • ure, (nourriture) – food
A

Masculine nouns often end in:

  • eau, eg le château – castle
  • isme, eg le racisme – racism
  • ment, eg le médicament – medicine

Feminine nouns often end in:

  • ade, eg la promenade – walk
  • ode, eg la mode – fashion
  • ude, eg l’habitude – habit
  • ance, eg la confiance – confidence
  • ence, eg la licence – degree
  • ette, eg la vedette – film star
  • sion, eg la télévision – television
  • tion, eg la natation – swimming
  • ure, eg la nourriture – food
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4
Q

Direct object pronouns.

a) What is the direct object?
b) What are the direct object pronouns?
c) Where are they placed normally?
d) Where are they placed in a negative sentence?
e) In the passe compose (perfect tense)

A

a) The direct object of a sentence is the person or thing that the action (verb) is done to. For example: Je mange une pomme - I’m eating an apple. (une pomme is the direct object)
b) me, te, nous, vous, le, la, les
c) Before the verb
d) After the ‘ne’
e) Before the auxillary verb

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5
Q

I love rabbits. I love them

A

J’adore les lapins. Je les adore.

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6
Q

I don’t like mushrooms. I don’t like them.

A

Je n’aime pas les champignons. Je ne les aime pas.

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7
Q

I don’t study German. I don’t study it.

A

Je n’étudie pas l’allemand. Je ne l’étudie pas.

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8
Q

I would like to eat the carrots. I would like to eat them.

A

Je voudrais manger les carottes. Je voudrais les manger.

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9
Q

Do you have to finish your work? Do you have to finish it?

A

Tu dois terminer ton travail ? Tu dois le terminer ?

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10
Q

She drank the cola and she liked the cola. She drank it and she liked it.

A

Elle a bu le coca et elle a aimé le coca. Elle l’a bu et elle l’a aimé.

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11
Q

My parents bought the tickets. My parents bought them.

A

Mes parents ont acheté les billets. Mes parents les ont achetés.

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12
Q

Thank you for inviting me to dinner with you

A

Merci de m’avoir inviter à diner avec vous

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13
Q

Indirect object pronouns.

a) What is an indirect object?
b) What are the indirect object pronouns? (Which ones are different to the direct object pronouns?)

A

a) Object preceded by a verb that takes the preposition… à (e.g. demander à, raconter à, donner à, offrer à, parler à, …etc.)
For example: Je donne les documents à Paul (Paul is the indirect object)
b) me, te, LUI (to him/her), nous, vous, LEUR (to them)

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14
Q

Ordering of different pronouns.

A

me le lui y
te la leur en
nous les
vous

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15
Q

Ordering pronouns. Translate:

  • She gave it to me
  • I’m going to give it to him/her
  • I saw them there
A
  1. elle me l’a donné - she gave it to me
  2. je vais le lui donner - I’m going to give it to him/her
  3. je les y ai vu - I saw them there
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16
Q

We don’t want to give any money to them.

A

Nous ne voulons pas leur donner d’argent.

17
Q

She often speaks to me about her problems

A

Elle me parle souvent de ses problèmes.

18
Q

You have to ask her if you can go out with your friends.

A

Il faut lui demander si tu peux sortir avec tes copains.

19
Q

The pronoun ‘y’ - usage

A

The pronoun y usually means ‘there’ (replacing a place) but can also mean ‘it’ or ‘them’ when replacing a noun introduced by the preposition à.
It follows the same position rules as direct object pronouns.

20
Q

She is at the bank. She is there to change money.

A

Elle est à la banque. Elle y est pour changer de l’argent.

21
Q

I went to France with my family. We went there by car.

A

Je suis allé en France avec ma famille. Nous y sommes allés en voiture.

22
Q

I like playing football. I play it three times a week.

A

J’aime jouer au foot. J’y joue trois fois par semaine.

23
Q

You’ve got to be careful of the traffic. You’ve got to be careful of it.

A

Il faut faire attention à la circulation. Il faut y faire attention.

24
Q

The pronoun ‘en’ - usage

A

The pronoun en replaces nouns in phrases about quantity, or with verbs that are normally followed by ‘de’. It can be ‘of it’ or ‘of them’.
It follows the same position rules as direct object pronouns.

25
Q

Would you like some bananas? Yes, I’d like five (of them), please.

A

Vous voudriez des bananes ? Oui, j’en voudrais cinq, s’il vous plait.

26
Q

He needs a new phone. He needs one (of them) because he has lost his old phone.

A

Il a besoin d’un nouveau portable. Il en a besoin car il a perdu son vieux portable.

27
Q

Verbs that commonly precede ‘de’

A

avoir besoin de (+ infinitive) = to need
avoir envie de (+ infinitive) = to feel like
avoir l’intention de (+ infinitive) = to intend to
faire de (+ sport/activity = to do
jouer de (+ instrument) = to play (an instrument)
penser de = to think of/about (opinion)
rêver de = to dream of/about

28
Q 
What do you think of it ?
I’ve been dreaming about it for years.
Sport? I do it every Tuesday.
I am going to need it.
She doesn’t feel fancy it.
A 
Qu’est-ce que tu en penses ?
J’en rêve depuis des années. 
Le sport ? J’en fais tous les mardis. 
Je vais en avoir besoin.
Elle n’en a pas envie.
29
Q

Verbs that commonly precede à

A

croire à = to believe in
faire attention à = to pay attention to/be careful of
s’habituer à = to get used to
s’intéresser à = to be interested in
jouer à (+ sport) = to play (sport)
penser à = to think of/about (NOT opinion)
réfléchir à = to think about/reflect on

30
Q

I’m thinking about the holidays. I think about them every day.

A

Je pense aux vacances. J’y pense tous les jours.

31
Q

Il s’est habitué à sa nouvelle vie. Il s’y est habitué très vite.

A

He has got used to his new life. He got used to it very quickly.

32
Q

Penser.

  • penser à…
  • penser de…
  • penser + infinitive
  • penser que
A
  1. to think about something (e.g. À quoi tu penses ? Je pense à mon travail. Oui, j’y pense aussi)
  2. to have an opinion on something (e.g. Qu’est-ce que tu penses de ce film ?)
  3. to consider a project (e.g. Vous pensez apprendre le français ? Oui, je pense partir pour France cet ete.
  4. to express an opinion (e.g. Je pense que tu as raison)
33
Q

Reflexive pronouns.

a) What are they?
b) Position in futur simple (e.g. we will have fun)
c) Position in passe compose (e.g. you washed yourself)
d) Position in futur proche (e.g. He’s going to get up) or where there is modal verb, such as vouloir, devoir or pouvoir (e.g. I want to go to bed)

A

a) Je - me, Tu - te, Il/elle/on - se, Nous - nous, Vous - vous, Ils/elles - se
b) Before verb (e.g. Nous nous amuserons)
c) Before auxillary (e.g. Tu t’es lavé
d) Before infinitive (e.g. Il va se lever. – Je veux me coucher.)

34
Q

Le mien, le tien, le sien, le notre, le votre, le leur

Etc.

I would love a job like yours

A

Translate and find usage for each

J’adorerais un métier comme le tien

French grammar (62 decks)

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