Neuroanatomy Autonomic Nervous System Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

The autonomic nervous system only consists of what type of neuron? What 2 neurons are they?

Answer 1

Motor/efferent only??? preganglionic (cell body in CNS) and post ganglionic (cell body outside CNS going to effector organ), also sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 2

Levels of ANS control (5)

Answer 2

• Hypothalamus
• medulla
• pons
• spinal cord reflex
• limbic system

Question 3

Where do sympathetic fibers lie in the spinal cord?

Answer 3

-Thoracic or lumbar spine

Question 4

Where do parasympathetic fibers lie in the spinal cord?

Answer 4

Brainstem or sacral region

Question 5

Sympathetic pregangionic fibers tend to be__ while postganglionic fibers are ___. The opposite is true for parasympathetic fibers

Answer 5

Short, long

Question 6

Sympathetic chain ganglia

Answer 6

Also known as paravertebral ganglia, run alongside the spinal column ventrally and laterally on both sides

Question 7

Cholinergic neurons

Answer 7

Those that secrete Ach

Question 8

Adrenergic neurons

Answer 8

Those that secrete EP and NEP

Question 9

2 subtypes of cholinergic receptors

Answer 9

1) Nicotinic - found on postganglionic cells of both SNS and PNS
2) Muscarinic - found only in PNS

Question 10

4 subtypes of adrenergic receptors, where are they predominantly found

Answer 10

1) a1 - found in heart predominantly
2) a2 - smooth muscle
3) B1 - predominantly heart and blood vessels
4) B2 - predominantly heart and blood vessels

Question 11

From pre to post ganglionic fibers, the neurotransmitter is always….

Answer 11

Acetycholine

Question 12

a1 receptors cause…

Answer 12

Smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction

Question 13

a2 receptors cause…

Answer 13

Inhibit NE release, insulin secretion, promotes blood clotting

Question 14

B1 receptors cause…

Answer 14

Increase HR and strength of contraction

Question 15

B2 receptors cause…

Answer 15

Dilation of blood vessels and bronchioles

Question 16

Dopamine causes vaso____. It is a ___ inotropic agent

Answer 16

dilation, positive

Question 17

Seratonin

Answer 17

Attributes to feelings of wellbeing

Question 18

Baroreceptor reflex arc example

Answer 18

• carotid or aortic baroreceptors
• axons in glossopharyngeal or vagus nerve travel to brain stem
• Efferent sympathetic signal goes to target organ increase vasomotor tone

Question 19

Agonist

Answer 19

Chemical binds to cell and triggers a respose by that cell

Question 20

Antagonist

Answer 20

Chemical that blocks the action of an agonist either by blocking the receptor or causing the inverse action of the agonist

Question 21

Example of antagonistic effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

Answer 21

Bronchodilation occuring with sympathetic stimulation while bronchoconstriction occurs with parasympathetic stimulation

Question 22

example of cooperative effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

Answer 22

The sexual response cycle, with parasympathetic fibers encouraging erection while sympathetic fibers encourage ejaculation

Question 23

The importance of staying within dose range when prescribing autonomic actig drugs

Answer 23

Excess can have unintended other effects on other areas of the body