Male Reproductive System Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Head of epididymis

Answer 1

Site of sperm maturation exiting from the seminiferous tubules

Question 2

Tail of epididymis

Answer 2

Site of sperm storage after maturation until entrance to the vas deferens during ejaculation

Question 3

Scrotal raphe

Answer 3

Seam like ridge/union between two lateral halves of an organ/tissue, between the two halves of the scrotum forming a septum and preventing scrotal strangulation

Question 4

Dartos muscle

Answer 4

Smooth muscle giving the scrotum its wrinkly appearance that can relax or contract and pull the scrotum upward to optimal temp

Question 5

Cremaster muscle

Answer 5

Skeletal muscle that elevates the testes or lowers them to optimal temperature

Question 6

Leydig cells

Answer 6

Function to respond to LH and produce androgens for the male within the interstitial tissue of the seminiferous tubules

Question 7

Testicular artery

Answer 7

Derived from: abdominal aorta

Travels after exiting just below the renal arteries inferiorally to supply the testes

Question 8

Cryptorchidism

Answer 8

Failure of a testicle to descend into a scrotum

Question 9

Tunica vaginalis

Answer 9

Parietal and visceral layers of peritoneum that surround the testes

Question 10

Tunica albuginea

Answer 10

A capsule deep to the tunica vaginalis that protects the testes

Question 11

Sperm differentiation pathway

Answer 11

Spermatogonia (diploid) to primary spermatocyte (diploid) to 2ndary spermatocyte (haploid) to spermatid (haploid) to spermazoa

Question 12

Acrosome

Answer 12

Structure on head of sperm that allows lysis of wall of egg cell allowing sperm to enter

Question 13

Sertoli cells

Answer 13

Functionally respond to FSH and act as support cells for sperm development covering the walls of the seminiferous tubules

Question 14

Blood testis barrier

Answer 14

Tight junctions formed by sertoli cells that protect sperm from the external environment

Question 15

Pathway of sperm

Answer 15

• Seminiferous tubules
• head of epididymis
• tail of epididymis
• vas deferens
• seminal vesicle
• ejaculatory duct
• prostatic urethra
• membranous urethra
• penile urethra

Question 16

Vas deferens

Answer 16

Tube like structure protruding from tail of epididymis to duct of seminal vesicle where it empties into the ejaculatory duct, walls contain smooth muscle that contracts during ejaculation, this is cut during a vasectomy to prevent sperm from traveling out of the testses

Question 17

Vasectomy interesting facts

Answer 17

• Testosterone is not lost because it is transported via blood vessles
• sperm can be resorped and proteins repurposed to other areas of the body
• march maddness is most often when vasectomies occur

Question 18

Pampiniform plexus

Answer 18

Derived from: testes
Travels superiorally out of the testicles creating countercurrent exchange to keep the testes cool
Empties into: testiculuar vein

Question 19

Testicular torsion

Answer 19

Twisting of the testicle around its axis causing strangulation of blood flow requiring emergency surgery

Question 20

Varicocele

Answer 20

Varicose veins of the pampiform plexus tha causes the appearance of a tortuous mass on the surface of the scrotum

Question 21

Seminal vesicle

Answer 21

Located posterior to bladder and superior to prostate, tubular gland that produces the majority of semen and combines with the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory ducts

Question 22

Ejaculatory duct

Answer 22

Formed from the combination of the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens, empty into the prostatic urethra where they combine into one structure

Question 23

Prostate gland

Answer 23

Structure that encircles the prostatic urethra, has ejaculatory ducts empty into it, produces a thin, milky alkaline fluid to support sperm vitality as it travels thru the urethra and out of the penis

Question 24

Benign prostatic hyperplasia causes increased risk of these 2 things

Answer 24

…UTI’s, post renal kidney disease

Question 25

Signs of BPH

Answer 25

• difficulty starting stream
• increased urinary frequency
• incomplete emptying of bladder

Question 26

Bulbourethral glands

Answer 26

Located at the membranous urethra at the base of the penis, form pre-ejaculate used to lubricate and flushout urine in the urethra

Question 27

Corpus cavernosa

Answer 27

The 2 bodies of erectile tissue in the male, located on the dorsum of the penis and become engorged with blood when erection occurs

Question 28

Corpus spongiosum

Answer 28

A body of non-erectile tissue housing the urethra located on the ventral side of the penis

Question 29

Pudendal nerve

Answer 29

Derived from: sacral plexus

Empties into the deep perineal nerve

Question 30

Deep perineal nerve

Answer 30

Derived from: pudendal nerve

Travels to supply the dorsum of the penis