Nervous System Structures

Question 1

Describe the spinal cord

Answer 1

Connects the brain and body. Also controls reflexes independently of the brain.

Question 2

Describe the brain in embryos

Answer 2

Embryros contain a forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain that differentiate into the major brain parts.

Question 3

The brain stem is also called what?

Answer 3

mid brain

Question 4

What does the brain stem control

Answer 4

homeostasis, movement and conduction of information

Question 5

The brain stem is has what three parts?

Answer 5

Medulla oblongata ,Pons, reticular formation

Question 6

What does the Pons do?

Answer 6

Transfers info from the PNS to the brain.

Question 7

What does the Medulla oblongata

Answer 7

coordinates large scale movements (running)per instruction from the upper regions and controls autonomic functions

Question 8

What is the reticular formation

Answer 8

a network of neurons that filters information before it gets to the brain

Question 9

What does the reticular formation determine?

Answer 9

whether or not you pay attention to incoming data

Question 10

____ is also controlled by the brain stem which is believed to help process learning and memory.

Answer 10

Sleep

Question 11

Cerebellum is also called what?

Answer 11

hindbrain

Question 12

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 12

controls movements and balance. Helps learn motor skills

Question 13

The cerebellum checks motor commands from the _______. This is helps with what?

Answer 13

cerebrum; hand eye coordination

Question 14

The cerebellum receives _______ and _____ input.

Answer 14

hearing; visual

Question 15

The diencephalon is also called what?

Answer 15

forebrain

Question 16

The epithalamus is also called what?

Answer 16

pineal gland

Question 17

The diencephalon contains what parts?

Answer 17

epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Question 18

What does the thalamus do?

Answer 18

stores all information from the senses before sending them the cerebrum

Question 19

What does the epithalamus control?

Answer 19

rhythms (sleep)

Question 20

What does the hypothalamus control?

Answer 20

body temp

Question 21

Describe the cerebrum

Answer 21

main center of information processing

Question 22

What is the cerebral cortex

Answer 22

outer layer of gray matter

Question 23

What do somatosensory organs control?

Answer 23

pain, pressure, temp, muscles

Question 24

The _______ _____ receives information from the somatosensory.

Answer 24

cerebral cortex

Question 25

The left and right __________ each controls the opposite side of the body.

Answer 25

hemispheres

Question 26

The hemispheres are connected by an axon known as what?

Answer 26

corpus callosum

Question 27

The differences in the left and right is known as what?

Answer 27

Lateralization

Question 28

The left hemisphere is better at what?

Answer 28

math and logic

Question 29

The right hemisphere is better at what?

Answer 29

better at recognition, patterns, and nonverbal thinking (creativity)

Question 30

The Cerebral Cortex is separated into four lobes. What are they?

Answer 30

Frontal lobe, Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, Parietal lobe

Question 31

What ability of the brain to change is called what?

Answer 31

Neural plasticity

Question 32

_________ can be strengthened or weakened by frequency of use which leads to ________.

Answer 32

Synapses; memories

Question 33

The sense receptors that control pressure, touch, sound is called what?

Answer 33

mechanoreceptors

Question 34

The sense receptors that control taste, smell, solute concentration is called what?

Answer 34

chemoreceptors

Question 35

The sense receptors that control light, electricity, magnetism concentration is called what?

Answer 35

electromagnetic receptors

Question 36

The sense receptors that detect hot and cold is called what?

Answer 36

thermoreceptors

Question 37

The sense receptors that detect harmful conditions and solicits a reaction to minimize damage

Answer 37

pain receptors

Question 38

Sound waves travel in the ear and vibrates the ______ ______ which vibrates a bone called a ______.

Answer 38

tympanic membrane; stapes

Question 39

The stapes causes fluid in the _______ _____ to vibrate thus moving hairs in there.

Answer 39

cochlear duct

Question 40

The hairs sends signals to ________ ______.

Answer 40

auditory nerves

Question 41

Fluid in ____________ ____ move hairs in response to gravity or out head tilting for equilibrium

Answer 41

semicircular canal

Question 42

How the taste occurs?

Answer 42

when a receptor protein binds to a molecule and begin a transduction pathway that stimulates a taste nerve

Question 43

What is the olfactory

Answer 43

is all nerve cells that bind to a molecule and sends signals directly to the brain. (linning of the nose, mucus needed). causes smell

Question 44

Light comes in the ______.

Answer 44

cornea

Question 45

The ___ can dilate the _____ to control the amount of light that hits the flexible lens of your eye.

Answer 45

iris; pupil

Question 46

The retina contains __________ that detect color in ______. and black and white in ____.

Answer 46

photoreceptors; cones; rods

Question 47

The _____ ______ carries visual input to the brain.

Answer 47

optic nerve