Nervous System

Question 1

What is the CNS

Answer 1

Central Nervous System: The brain and spinal chord

Question 2

Neurons that carry information in and out of the CNS are located in a system called what?

Answer 2

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 3

Define neurons

Answer 3

nerve cells that transmit info.

Question 4

Describe the make-up of neurons

Answer 4

Made of a cell body with a nucleus

Question 5

The _______ receives signals.

Answer 5

dendrite

Question 6

The ____ transmits signals.

Answer 6

axon

Question 7

The _______ is where and axon meets a dendrite

Answer 7

synapsis

Question 8

The ___ support cells, that nourish and insulate.

Answer 8

glia

Question 9

Define resting potential

Answer 9

ion gradient of (+) outside (-) inside

Question 10

Describe the process of resting potential

Answer 10

Sodium and Potassium are moved in and out of the cell by sodium potassium pumps and ion channels

Question 11

What causes the charge difference during resting potential?

Answer 11

Sodium is pumped out and potassium in, but potassium is allowed to flow back out

Question 12

Define action potential

Answer 12

a stimulus reverses the charge of the membrane

Question 13

In action potential, what reverses the charge of the membrane

Answer 13

Gated ion channels open allowing sodium to flow in

Question 14

In action potential, restores the charge

Answer 14

potassium channels open to let potassium out, thus restoring the charge.

Question 15

______ __________ ____ restore the balance.

Answer 15

Sodium potassium pumps

Question 16

Define conducting action potentials

Answer 16

The opening and closing of gated ion channels travels along the membrane of the axon

Question 17

The opening and closing of gated ion channels causes what?

Answer 17

a reversal of charge to travel down the membrane of the axon

Question 18

The reversal of charge in conducting action potentials is the ________ _______ that nerves transmit.

Answer 18

electrical signal

Question 19

Describe fast conduction

Answer 19

Glia can wrap the axon in a layers of membrane insulation

Question 20

Glia can wrap the axon in a layers of membrane insulation called a ______ _____ that acts like wire insulation

Answer 20

myelin sheath

Question 21

_______ ____ do fast conduction in the PNS

Answer 21

Schwann cells

Question 22

___________ do fast conduction in the CNS

Answer 22

oligodendrocytes

Question 23

Describe receiving action potentials

Answer 23

Action potentials can be received electronically or chemically

Question 24

Describe electronical receiving action potentials

Answer 24

through another action potential like interaction

Question 25

What is chemical receiving action potentials known as?

Answer 25

synaptic signaling

Question 26

Describe synaptic signaling

Answer 26

chemical signaling through a synaptic vesicle releasing a neurotransmitter that flows through a synaptic cleft

Question 27

Give an example of receiving action potentials

Answer 27

Endorphins (decrease pain)

Question 28

List the two types of neurons in PNS organization

Answer 28

Afferent and efferent neurons

Question 29

______ neurons receive information

Answer 29

Afferent

Question 30

_______ neurons cause actions to happen.

Answer 30

Efferent

Question 31

Efferent neurons control what systems?

Answer 31

the motor system and the autonomic system.

Question 32

______ ______ consist of acts you can control.

Answer 32

Motor system

Question 33

_________ ______ consist of acts that are involuntary. (breathing)

Answer 33

Autonomic system

Question 34

________ causes processes to become enhanced (breath faster, pump more blood)

Answer 34

Sympathetic

Question 35

__________ causes processes to relax

Answer 35

Parasympathtic

Question 36

______ ________ control digestive activities

Answer 36

Enteric division

Question 37

List the 3 types of autonomic System

Answer 37

Sympathetic, Parasympathtic, Enteric division