Endocrine System (Reversed)

Question 1

a molecule that is released to flow through blood or lymph to send a signal

Answer 1

Define hormone

Question 2

local regulators

Answer 2

Signals that act over short distances are called what?

Question 3

paracrine

Answer 3

Target cells that are near signaling cells are called what?

Question 4

autocrine

Answer 4

Hormone that act on the cell that released it are called what?

Question 5

synaptic signaling

Answer 5

Nerve cells that release hormones onto target cells are called what?

Question 6

neuroendocrine signaling

Answer 6

Nerve cells that release hormones into the bloodstream to target cells are called what?

Question 7

pheromones

Answer 7

Hormones that are released outside the body are called what?

Question 8

Water soluble hormones

Answer 8

____ ______ ________ deliver signals outside the cell.

Question 9

Lipid soluble

Answer 9

_____ _______ hormones can get through the plasma membrane and go into cells

Question 10

Signal transduction pathway

Answer 10

Water soluble hormones follow what pathway?

Question 11

form a hormone receptor complex that go directly to the nucleus

Answer 11

Lipid soluble hormones are transferred how?

Question 12

lipid soluble

Answer 12

Gene expression usually involved ______ _______ hormones.

Question 13

Epinephrine

Answer 13

________ is released when a person is stressed.

Question 14

-Causes glycogen to break down when stressed-Causes muscle blood vessels to dilate -Causes intestinal blood vessels to constrict

Answer 14

How does Epinephrine work?

Question 15

negative feedback

Answer 15

A response reduces the initial stimulus. This is called what?

Question 16

Antagonistic Hormone Pairs

Answer 16

Pairs of hormones often help maintain homeostasis. These are called what?

Question 17

90mg/100ml

Answer 17

Blood glucose level is usually _______.

Question 18

pancreas

Answer 18

Insulin and glucagon is released by what organ?

Question 19

insulin

Answer 19

When blood glucose level rises, _____ is released.

Question 20

glucagon

Answer 20

When blood glucose level falls, _______ is released.

Question 21

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 21

When blood sugar stays too high, this causes what?

Question 22

Deficiency of insulin or less response of target cells

Answer 22

What causes blood sugar to stay too high

Question 23

autoimmune disease, beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed. Develops during childhood and daily insulin is given

Answer 23

Describe Type I diabetes

Question 24

target cells stop responding normally to insulin. Being overweight and lack of exercise increase the risk. Diet and exercise can usually control this. (top ten causes of death in the U.S.)

Answer 24

Describe Type II diabetes

Question 25

Controls pituitary glands and other glands through cascade that ways

Answer 25

What does the Hypothalamus do?

Question 26

endocrine; nervous system

Answer 26

The Hypothalamus helps helps link the _______ and ________ ______.

Question 27

posterior pituitary

Answer 27

This gland controls water balance in kidneys and uterus contraction in females. What is is called?

Question 28

Anterior pituitary

Answer 28

This gland controls growth, milk production, gamete production, stimulates thyroid, stimulates adrenal cortex. What is it called?

Question 29

thyroid

Answer 29

This gland controls metabolism, lowers calcium levels

Question 30

pancreas

Answer 30

This organ lowers and raises blood glucose level.

Question 31

Adrenal medulla

Answer 31

This gland controls stress response, raise blood glucose, constrict blood vessels.

Question 32

Adrenal Cortex

Answer 32

This gland controls long term stress response, increase blood glucose, blood pressure, and immune suppression

Question 33

testes

Answer 33

This organ controls perm formation (spermatogenesis), sex characteristics, testosterone (androgen)

Question 34

ovaries

Answer 34

This organ controls egg formation (oogenesis), female sex characteristics, uterine lining growth, estrogen and progesterone

Question 35

pineal gland

Answer 35

This gland regulates body rhythmic cycles (light and dark), like sleep

Question 36

Parathyroid function

Answer 36

Raises calcium levels