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High School Anatomy > Nervous System Part 2/ Brain > Flashcards

Nervous System Part 2/ Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four regions of the brain?

A

The cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and the cerebellum

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2
Q

What are the two different cerebral hemispheres of the brain?

A

The left and right

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3
Q

What are gyri?

A

The elevations of the surface of the brain

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4
Q

What are sulci?

A

The grooves and dips of the surface of the brain

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5
Q

What are fissures?

A

Deep grooves on the surface of the brain

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6
Q

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital

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7
Q

What does the cerebral cortex control?

A

The conscious mind; awareness, remembering, understanding, communication, and voluntary movement

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8
Q

What controls awareness, remembering, understanding, communication, and voluntary movement?

A

The cerebral cortex

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9
Q

Where does grey matter reside?

A

On the surface of the cerebral cortex

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10
Q

How thick is grey matter? What percentage of brain mass does it make up?

A

It’s 2-4mm thick, and it makes up 40% of brain mass

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11
Q

What do the convolutions do?

A

They triple the surface area

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12
Q

What do the hemispheres of the cerebellum control?

A

Contralateral function/ senses

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13
Q

Describe the hemispheres

A

They’re symmetric in structure but not in function

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14
Q

What does conscious behavior involve?

A

All areas of the cerebral cortex

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15
Q

What is cerebral white matter?

A

It’s myelinated fibers and their tracts

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16
Q

What does cerebral white matter do?

A

It’s responsible for communication

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17
Q

What are the three types/ sections of ventricles?

A

The lateral, third, and fourth ventricles.

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18
Q

What do ventricles do?

A

They hold and circulate CSF

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19
Q

Where are the ventricles?

A

Inside the brain

20
Q

What is the diencephalon?

A

It’s the areas of grey matter around the third ventricle

21
Q

What are the three sections of the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

22
Q

What does multimodal association do in regard to inputs and outputs?

A

It receives inputs from multiple senses with outputs to multiple areas

23
Q

What does multimodal association do?

A

It gibes meaning to information, stores it in memories, ties it to previous experiences, and decides what action to take

24
Q

What makes us who we are?

A

Multimodal association

25
Q

What are the three parts of multimodal association?

A

Anterior, posterior, and limbic association

26
Q

Where does anterior association happen?

A

In the prefrontal cortex

27
Q

What does anterior association control?

A

It controls intelligence, cognition, recall, and personality.

28
Q

What type of multimodal association matures slowly and depends on the social environment?

A

Anterior association

29
Q

What does posterior association do?

A

It recognizes patterns and faces, localizes us in space, binds sensory inputs into a coherent whole, and is in charge of language

30
Q

What does limbic association control?

A

It’s in charge of emotional impact, your sense of danger, and the memories to remember the two

31
Q

What type of multimodal association controls your sense of danger and emotional impact?

A

Limbic association

32
Q

What is lateralization?

A

The division of labor between hemispheres

33
Q

What is the division of labor between hemispheres called?

A

Lateralization

34
Q

What is cerebral dominance?

A

Which hemisphere is in dominant in language (left for most people)

35
Q

What hemisphere controls language, math, and logic?

A

The left

36
Q

Which hemisphere controls insight, visual-spatial skills, intuition, and artistic skills?

A

The right

37
Q

What is a brain wave?

A

The general electrical activity of the parts of the cerebral cortex

38
Q

What is the general electrical activity of the parts of the cerebral cortex called?

A

Brain waves

39
Q

What does consciousness involve?

A

The activity of large areas of the cerebral cortex

40
Q

What is sleep? What can awake you?

A

Sleep is partial unconsciousness, and stimuli can wake you up

41
Q

What happens when the Broca’s area is damaged?

A

You can understand but not speak

42
Q

What happens when the Wernike’s area is damaged?

A

You can speak, but your words are random and jumbled

43
Q

What side of the brain is involved in body language?

A

The right side

44
Q

What can cause imbalances in the brain?

A

Traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular accidents, and degenerative brain disorders

45
Q

How long is the adult spinal cord?

A

About 18 inches long

46
Q

How wide is the adult spinal cord?

A

About 1/2 an inch long

47
Q

Where does the adult spinal cord end?

A

Between L1 and L2

High School Anatomy (36 decks)

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