MSK neoplasia Flashcards
What is a soft tissue sarcoma?
- Spindle cell sarcoma
- Mesenchyoma
- Mlaignancy of mesenchymal origin
What is the clinical appearance of soft tissue sarcomas?
Soft, fluctuant, mobile subcutaneous
What is the biology of tumours?
- Locally aggressive, expansile malignant halo surrounding heterogenous mass
- Often extra-compartmental, margins are poorly defined
- Distant metastasis
What is the general prognosis for a soft tissue tumour?
- In general - excellent prognosis
- early detection appropriate management
What is a fibrosarcoma?
- Arises from fibroblasts
- skin, subcut, oral and nasal cavity
- Unique oral form
- hsitologically low grade, biologically high-grade
- invades local soft tissues
- metastasis in 20% cases
What is a myxosarcoma?
- Fibroblast origin
- Differentiated from fibroblasts from untercellular mucin
- Biologic behaviour is predicted by the tumour grade
What is a hemangiopericytoma?
- Origin in the pericyte or nerve sheath- similiar biologic behaviour
- Synonyms = schwannoma
- neurogenci sarcoma
- neurofibrosarcoma
What is a PNST?
- Grouped in relation to the CNS
- away from the CNS its called a peripheral
What are the clinical signs of a PNST?
- significant neurological changes can be evident
- severe neuropathic pain
What is a liposarcoma?
- Rare tumour of older dogs
- locally aggressive and metastasize site
What is an infiltrative lipoma?
- Not malignant and no metastasis
- locally infiltrative
- invades local muscle and fascial planes
- aggressive therapy may be required
- radiation can be helpful
- reduce blood supply to the tumour
What is an infiltrative lipoma?
Not malignant and no metastasis
* locally infiltrative
* Invades local muscle and fascial planes, joint capsule, abdominal cavity, nerves and bone
* Aggressive therapy may be required
* Radiation can also be helpful
* Reduced blood supply to the tumour
What is a lymphangiosarcoma?
Common in the subcut
liver, pericardium and nasopharynx
* high to moderate metastatic potential
* channels do not contain red cells
What is a rhabdomyosarcoma?
Originates in the striated muscle
* occurs in younger dogs
* locally invasive
* Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma is found in the bladder of young dogs
What is a leiomyosarcoma?
Originates in the smooth muscle
* found in the GIT
* Locally aggressive
* Metastasize depending on the grade
* Paraneoplastic syndrome hypoglycaemia
