Common Cardiovascular diseases of Production Animals Flashcards
What are the 4 main signs of heart failure in cows?
- Oedema
- Pale Mucous Membranes
- Increased Heart Rate
- Muffled Heart
How do Rhododendrons affect ruminants?
Affects the sodium channels in the heart
* Causes goats/ ruminants to vomits
What does a withers pinch identify?
Identifies cranial abdominal pain
What is glutavac?
- Cow side test
- Measure of fibrinogen/inflammation
- Nonspecific
- Help with prognosis
What is an ultrasound used for?
- Rectal linear scanner could be used
- Pericardial effusion
- Small ruminants
What is traumatic reticuloperitonitis?
- Ingestion of sharp objects
- Penetration into pericardium
- Septic peritonitis
- Fluid accumulation
- Cardiac tamponade
- Reduced diastolic fill
- Right HF
What are the cardiovascular signs of traumatic reticuloperitonitis?
- Muffled heart sounds
- Right sided heart failure
- Jugular distension
- Submandibular oedema
- Brisket oedema
- Pleural effusion
What are the GI signs of traumatic reticuloperitonitis?
Rumen hypomobility
Cranial abdominal pain/lower thoracic pain
Withers pinch/bar test
Elbow abduction
What is vegetative endocarditis?
Bacterial infection of heart valves
* Secondary to bacteraemia
* Cattle – Trueperella/strep from
mastitis/metritis etc
* Pig bacteraemia caused by
Erysipelas/Strep suis
* History of previous/concurrent
infections important
What are the clinical signs of vegetative endocarditis?
➢Pyrexia, recurrent, waxing/waning
➢Non-specific weight loss/reduced production
➢Systolic murmur
What is the treatment for vegetative endocarditis?
Long term broad spectrum antibiotics
What is the prognosis for vegetative endocarditis?
Grave- average lifespan after 6 month diagnosis
How does a pulmonary thromboembolism occur?
- Hepatic abscess
- Localised spread
- Thrombo-embolic spread
- Pulmonary artery abscess
What is Cor pulmonale?
- Right sided heart hypertrophy
- Right sided heart failure
- Pulmonary hypertension
What is white muscle disease?
Selenium and Vitamin E deficiency
* Both important in preventing cell
damage
* Results in muscle damage
* Necrosis
* Cardiac, skeletal and diaphragmatic
muscle
* Most common in beef cattle and
sheep/goats
* Rapid growth in young (1-4 months
old)
* Soil deficiency/Poor feed quality
* Herd/flock problem
