Module 6 lecture, part 3 Flashcards
Definition of medical technology
The practical application of the scientific body of knowledge for the purpose of improving health and creating efficiencies in the delivery of HC
Examples of medical tech
Application of organic chem to drugs and anesthetics
Physics to MRi
Computer science and communications to telemedicine
Nanotechnology to nanomedicine
Changes d/t med tech
Heightened consumer expectations leads to increased demand and utilization
Many specialized svcs available in outpt settings
Fueled specialization in medicine
Specialization held in higher regard than primary care and PH
Assessment becoming crucial to evaluate the usefulness and safety of new tech
Complex social and ethical concerns
What does IT do in relation to medical tech?
It deals with the gathering, storage, analysis, and transformation of data
General categories of HC IT
Clinical information systems to support pt care delivery
Administration information systems to assist financial and administrative support activities
Decision support systems to support managerial and clinical decision-making
Examples of HC IT
Medical records systems
Radiology and laboratory reporting systems
Pharmacy data systems
System to schedule space and personnel
Financial systems
Materials management systems
What is health informatics?
The application of information science to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of HC svcs
How does health informatics go beyond IT?
Emphasizes the improvement of HC
Applications of health informatics
Clinical decision support system
Electronic health records
Telehealth
Benefits of EHRs
Savings in HC costs
Reduced medical errors
Improved health
Barriers to adoption of EHR
Capital costs
Uncertain ROI
Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act’s (2009) incentives for EHR adoption
Financial incentives for “meaningful use” of health IT
Must meet a set of meaningful use objectives
Financial penalties for hospitals not meeting the meaningful use criteria from 2015
State Health Information Exchange Cooperative Agreement Program to facilitate the exchange of clinical info
What do EHRs enable?
The processing of any electronically stored info pertaining to individual pts for the purpose of delivering HC svcs.
What does the interoperability of EHRs enable?
Access to individual records online from many separate automated systems within an electronic network
It eliminates the need for letters and faxes to share a pt’s clinical information among providers.
Characteristics of fully developed EHR systems
Collection and storage of health info on individual pts over time
Immediate electronic access to person and pop-level info by authorized users
Availability of knowledge and decision support that enhances the quality, safety, and efficiency of pt care
Support of efficient processes for HC delivery
Describe HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.
Legal uses of personal medical information are limited to HC delivery, operations, and reimbursement
Orgs must devise methods to safeguard, transfer, and disclosure of personal health information
Describe the revisions to HIPAA under HITECH in 2013
Venders and subcontractors must comply with HIPAA
Restrictions on the use of PHI for marketing
Pt authorization for the use of PHI in research
Use of genetic info for insurance underwriting
Pts have the right to receive electronic copies of their PHI
Impacts of use of the internet and mobile devices
Pts becoming active participants in their own HC
Empowerment leads to change in physician-pt dynamics
What is e-health?
All forms of electronic HC delivered over the Internet, including pts’ access to one’s own EHRs and email messages between pts and providers
What is m-health?
Use of wireless communication devices to support PH and clinical practice
What is e-therapy?
Professional therapeutic interactions with health professionals over the Internet
What is a virtual physician visit?
Online clinical encounters btwn a pt and a physician. A type of telemedicine
Telemedicine definition
Distant delivery of medical tx, including specialized services, such as teleradiology, telepathology, and telesurgery
Synchronous telemedicine
Real time telecommunications
Asynchronous telemedicine
Use of store-and-forward technology
Barriers to telemedicine
Lack of a reimbursement model, unsubstantiated cost effectiveness
