Module 5 lecture, part 3

Question 1

According to Blum’s Force Field and Well-being Paradigms of Health, what are the 4 major influences on health, aka force fields?

Answer 1

Environment: most important
-Physical, social, and cultural factors
Lifestyle
-Behaviors
Heredity
-Current health and lifestyle practices will impact future generations’ genetic factors
Medical care: least impact
-Health care delivery system (access, availability of service)

Question 2

What are some measures of health?

Answer 2

Demographic change by birth, death, migration
Measures of physical health
Measures of mental health
Measures of social health
Measures of health service utilization

Question 3

What are some measures of demographic change?

Answer 3

Birth: natality (birth rate) and fertility (the capacity of a population to reproduce)
Migration: immigration and emigration

Question 4

What are measures of physical health?

Answer 4

Longevity
Morbidity
Disability
Mortality

Question 5

How is mental health measured?

Answer 5

Psychophysiologic sxs
Psychologic sxs

Question 6

What are measures of social health?

Answer 6

Social contact (# of social activities or contacts)
Social resources (social contacts that can be relied on for support)

Question 7

What is the net migration rate?

Answer 7

The change in the pop as a result of immigration and emigration

Question 8

How are measures of health service utilization used?

Answer 8

To determine which individuals in a pop grp receive certain types of medical svcs and which ones do not receive services and why

Question 9

Definition of longevity

Answer 9

How long a person will live

Question 10

Definition of life expectancy

Answer 10

A prediction of how long a person will live

Question 11

Definition of life expectancy at birth

Answer 11

How long a newborn can expect to live

Question 12

Definition of life expectancy at age 65

Answer 12

Expected remaining yrs of life for a 65 yo

Question 13

What are two common measures of life expectancy?

Answer 13

Life expectancy at birth
Life expectancy at age 65

Question 14

How is morbidity expressed?

Answer 14

As a ratio of those who have the problem and the pop at risk

Question 15

Definition of at-risk pop

Answer 15

All ppl in the same community or grp who can acquire a dz or a condition

Question 16

What are two common measures of morbidity?

Answer 16

Incidence and prevalence

Question 17

Definition of incidence

Answer 17

Number of new cases occurring in the pop at risk within a certain period of time

Question 18

Definition of prevalence

Answer 18

Total # of cases at specific point in time in a defined pop

Question 19

Definition of epidemic

Answer 19

A large # of ppl acquire a specific dz from a common source

Question 20

What may suggest an impending epidemic?

Answer 20

High levels of incidence

Question 21

What are two common measures of disability?

Answer 21

Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)

Question 22

What do ADLs evaluate? What are ADLs appropriate fo?

Answer 22

Evaluates self-care and mobility
Appropriate for both community-dwelling and institutionalized adults

Question 23

What are the 7 ADLs?

Answer 23

Feeding
Bathing
Dressing
Using the toilet
Transferring
Grooming
Walking 8 ft

Question 24

What do IADLs evaluate? What do they require?

Answer 24

Evaluate activities necessary for independent living in the community
Require higher cognitive functioning than ADLs

Question 25

What are some examples of IADLs?

Answer 25

Using phone
Driving a care or traveling alone on a bus or by taxi
Shopping and preparing meals
Doing light housework
Taking meds
Handling money
Walking up and down stairs
Walking a half mile without assistance