Module 5 lecture, part 3 Flashcards
According to Blum’s Force Field and Well-being Paradigms of Health, what are the 4 major influences on health, aka force fields?
Environment: most important
-Physical, social, and cultural factors
Lifestyle
-Behaviors
Heredity
-Current health and lifestyle practices will impact future generations’ genetic factors
Medical care: least impact
-Health care delivery system (access, availability of service)
What are some measures of health?
Demographic change by birth, death, migration
Measures of physical health
Measures of mental health
Measures of social health
Measures of health service utilization
What are some measures of demographic change?
Birth: natality (birth rate) and fertility (the capacity of a population to reproduce)
Migration: immigration and emigration
What are measures of physical health?
Longevity
Morbidity
Disability
Mortality
How is mental health measured?
Psychophysiologic sxs
Psychologic sxs
What are measures of social health?
Social contact (# of social activities or contacts)
Social resources (social contacts that can be relied on for support)
What is the net migration rate?
The change in the pop as a result of immigration and emigration
How are measures of health service utilization used?
To determine which individuals in a pop grp receive certain types of medical svcs and which ones do not receive services and why
Definition of longevity
How long a person will live
Definition of life expectancy
A prediction of how long a person will live
Definition of life expectancy at birth
How long a newborn can expect to live
Definition of life expectancy at age 65
Expected remaining yrs of life for a 65 yo
What are two common measures of life expectancy?
Life expectancy at birth
Life expectancy at age 65
How is morbidity expressed?
As a ratio of those who have the problem and the pop at risk
Definition of at-risk pop
All ppl in the same community or grp who can acquire a dz or a condition
What are two common measures of morbidity?
Incidence and prevalence
Definition of incidence
Number of new cases occurring in the pop at risk within a certain period of time
Definition of prevalence
Total # of cases at specific point in time in a defined pop
Definition of epidemic
A large # of ppl acquire a specific dz from a common source
What may suggest an impending epidemic?
High levels of incidence
What are two common measures of disability?
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
What do ADLs evaluate? What are ADLs appropriate fo?
Evaluates self-care and mobility
Appropriate for both community-dwelling and institutionalized adults
What are the 7 ADLs?
Feeding
Bathing
Dressing
Using the toilet
Transferring
Grooming
Walking 8 ft
What do IADLs evaluate? What do they require?
Evaluate activities necessary for independent living in the community
Require higher cognitive functioning than ADLs
What are some examples of IADLs?
Using phone
Driving a care or traveling alone on a bus or by taxi
Shopping and preparing meals
Doing light housework
Taking meds
Handling money
Walking up and down stairs
Walking a half mile without assistance
