LTC lecture part 1 Flashcards
Demographics of those who use LTC
37% under the age of 65
Numbers of those who need LTC
An estimate 9 million (22%) of elderly Americans
Likely to rise to 12 million (21%) by 2020
Who is likely to have a greater need for LTC services?
Growing nonwhite elderly pop in poorer health
What percentage of the pop is using LTC in nursing homes?
15.4%
What percentage of older Americans will eventually need LTC? In what setting will they get it?
70%, most in their own homes
What are preferred by most older people and more rapidly grown than institutional svcs?
Community-based svcs
What functional deficits is LTC associated with?
Multiple chronic conditions
Serious illness or injury
Cognitive impairments
Limitations in ____ indicate a more severe decline than those in ______
ADLs, IADLs
From where as opposed to what other setting is there a greater decline in ADLs?
Among people in nursing homes than in home or community housing
Financing in LTC
Generally not covered by regular health insurance
Private LTC insurance has made limited headway
2/3 of total LTC spending paid by Medicaid
Nature of LTC
Variety of svcs
Individualized svcs
Well-coordinated total care
Maintenance is residual function
Extended period of care
Holistic care
Quality of life
Use of current tech
Use of evidence-based practices
What are the LTC svcs?
Medical care, nursing, and rehab
Mental health svcs and dementia care
Social support
Preventive and therapeutic LTC
Informal and formal care
Respite care
Community based and institutional svcs
Housing
End of life care
Purpose of medical care, nursing, and rehab in LTC
Post-acute continuity of care
Management of chronic illness and comorbidity
Restoration or maintenance of physical function
Trends of mental health svcs and dementia care in LTC
Mental illness among 25% of the elderly pop
Severe mental cognitive disorder among 5% of the elderly
Comorbid with other chronic illnesses
Role of social support in LTC
Help with emotional imbalances, adaptation, and conflicts
Coordination of total care
Purpose and types of preventive and therapeutic LTC
To prevent or delay institutionalization
Therapeutic svcs: nursing care, rehab, therapeutic diets
Purpose and definition of respite care in LTC
Relieves stress and burnout of caregivers
Any type of LTC svc that allows caregivers some free time
Type of community based and institutional svcs in LTC
Home and community based svcs (HCBS)
Institutional svcs: probable for limitations in 3 or more ADLs
Housing and LTC
Non-institutional housing other than one’s home
Private or public
End of life care and LTC
Preventing needless pain and distress for the terminally ill pts and their families
High emphasis on dignity and comfort
Provided by institutional staff or hospice svcs
Clients of LTC
Older adults
Children and adolescents
Young adults
Ppl with HIV/AIDS
Older adults and LTC
85+ age group, the fastest growing segment
Trends: 20% of the pop to be age 65+ by 2030
Lowest SES grp: at the greatest risk of need for LTC, the least able to pay for svcs
Children and adolescents in LTC
Birth-related d/os (cerebral palsy, autism, etc)
Developmental disabilities
Intellectual disability
Young adults in LTC
Neurological malfunctions
Degenerative conditions
Traumatic injury
Surgical complications
Adults with MR/DD (or IDD)
People with HIV/AIDS and LTC
Ppl with AIDS, subjective to comorbidities and cognitive impairment
Lack of informal support
High need for LTC and care coordination
Levels of care continuum in LTC
Personal care: basic ADL assistance
Custodial care: nonmedical care to maintain function and prevent decline
Restorative care: help regain or improve function; by professional therapies
Skilled nursing care: clinical care provided by licensed nurses under the direction of a physician
Subacute care: post-acute, technically complex svcs
