Module 3 lecture part 2

Question 1

What are the 3 pillars of accreditation?

Answer 1

Community health assessment
Community health improvement plan
Organizational strategic plan

Question 2

What must PH organizations do in order to submit an application for accreditation?

Answer 2

Completion of:
Community Health Assessment
Community Health Improvement Plan
Strategic plan

Question 3

When was the first accreditation completed off 11 local and state HDs?

Answer 3

2013

Question 4

What percentage of local health departments had been accredited or entered the pipeline for accreditation by 2014?

Answer 4

~50%

Question 5

What is included in the human resources of PH?

Answer 5

Workforce
Knowledge, skills, and abilities of workers

Question 6

What is the key element of the PH’s infrastructure?

Answer 6

The PH workforce

Question 7

Why is it difficult to define the PH workforce?

Answer 7

Lack of consensus as to the meaning of “PH worker”
Multidisciplinary nature
Diverse educational and training background
Employed in unofficial PH agencies

Question 8

What key considerations are there in human resources in PH?

Answer 8

Size
Distribution
Composition
Skills
Competencies
Impacts

Question 9

Is there a precise estimation of size and distribution of the PH workforce?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

How many total estimated workers are there?

Answer 10

500,000-800,000

Question 11

How many FTE PH workers were there in 2012?

Answer 11

596, 405

Question 12

What is the distribution of the PH workforce (i.e., urban, rural, suburban)?

Answer 12

More in urban and suburban settings than rural communities
Distribution varies by state
PH worker to pop ratios are higher in smaller and less urban states in the east and west, while lower in central states

Question 13

In 1995, how many FTE employees were there?

Answer 13

494,000

Question 14

In 2012, how many FTE employees were there?

Answer 14

596,000

Question 15

When was the peak in the governmental PH workforce?

Answer 15

2005

Question 16

Why did the # of governmental health agency workers significantly decrease?

Answer 16

The economic recession in 2009
Other political and budget issues

Question 17

What are the largest subgroups of the PH workforce?

Answer 17

Nurses and environmental health

Question 18

What comprises 1/2 of the PH workforce?

Answer 18

Professional occupational categories

Question 19

What are in >80% of LHDs?

Answer 19

PH nurse
Administrator
Sanitarian or environmental specialist

Question 20

How is PH workforce information comprised at the state and local level?

Answer 20

Varies by state
Inconsistent and incomplete

Question 21

What percentage of professionals in PH had formal education and training in PH?

Answer 21

20%

Question 22

What percentage of LHD leaders had no formal PH education or training in 2005?

Answer 22

81%
Little evidence of improvement today

Question 23

What is the trend among the formally trained?

Answer 23

Focused on the specific aspect of PH practice for their job description

Question 24

What other training do PH workers have?

Answer 24

Non-PH areas

Question 25

How do PH workers gain competencies?

Answer 25

On-the-job training or work experience

Question 26

Overall trends in PH workforce growth

Answer 26

Growth since 1980
Slowing or declining after early 2000s, esp in the governmental sector

Question 27

What are the factors affecting growth and decline of the PH workforce?

Answer 27

Changes in social context and federal funding
Expansion of IT and increased worker productivity lead to need of less workforce
Shift in priority from tx to prevention
Shift of pop from the Northeast and Midwest to the South, Southwest, and West Coast