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American History > Module 11 > Flashcards

Module 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Q: Why were Germany and Russia unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles?

A

A: It was unfair and hurt their economies.

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2
Q

Q: What happened when some European countries didn’t become democracies after World War I?

A

A: Dictators came to power.

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3
Q

Q: What was the goal of Stalin’s five-year plans in the Soviet Union?

A

A: To quickly industrialize the country.

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4
Q

Q: What did Mussolini want for Italy?

A

A: To rebuild the Roman Empire.

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5
Q

Q: How did the League of Nations react to Japan taking over Manchuria?

A

A: They condemned it but did nothing.

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6
Q

Q: What was Hitler’s plan for Germany’s land?

A

A: To expand its territory for more living space.

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7
Q

Q: What event started World War II in Europe?

A

A: Germany invading Poland.

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8
Q

Q: How did Hitler go against the Treaty of Versailles?

A

A: He rebuilt Germany’s military.

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9
Q

Q: What was the Munich Pact?

A

A: An agreement that let Hitler take over Sudetenland without a fight.

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10
Q

Q: What countries did Hitler take over before World War II?

A

A: Rhineland, Austria, Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, and Poland.

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11
Q

Q: What happened after Poland was invaded?

A

A: Britain and France declared war on Germany.

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12
Q

Q: What were the Neutrality Acts?

A

A: Laws to keep the US out of foreign wars.

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13
Q

Q: What did the Spanish Civil War show?

A

A: It was a practice for Nazi Germany’s military.

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14
Q

Q: How did the world react to Japan’s actions in Nanking?

A

A: With condemnation but no action.

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15
Q

Q: What happened to the Jewish refugees on the SS St. Louis?

A

A: They were not allowed to land in the US and had to return to Europe.

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16
Q

Q: What was the “Final Solution”?

A

A: The plan to exterminate all Jews in Europe.

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17
Q

Q: Who else was targeted in the Holocaust besides Jewish people?

A

A: Gypsies, Freemasons, homosexuals, and others.

18
Q

Q: What was Dr. Mengele known for?

A

A: Conducting experiments on prisoners.

19
Q

Q: What were the effects of Stalin’s Great Purges and collectivization?

A

A: They led to millions of deaths and widespread famine.

20
Q

Q: Why did the United States want to stay out of World War II initially?

A

A: The U.S. wanted to avoid another war, reflecting a general fear and preference for isolationism.

21
Q

Q: How did Hitler rise to power in Germany?

A

A: He rose to power by joining the National Socialist German Workers Party, becoming its leader, and capitalizing on economic woes and nationalistic sentiment.

22
Q

Q: What was the Battle of Britain?

A

A: A major air campaign fought over the UK in 1940, marking the first major defeat of Germany’s military during the war.

23
Q

Q: Which countries did Hitler invade in April of 1940?

A

A: Hitler invaded Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Belgium.

24
Q

Q: What was the Vichy government?

A

A: A puppet government set up by Germany in France after its invasion in 1940.

25
Q

Q: Why did Italy struggle during World War II?

A

A: Italy was mismanaged, ill-equipped, and the military was worn out from fighting in Abyssinia and Spain.

26
Q

Q: What was the outcome of Italian forces in Greece and North Africa?

A

A: They were defeated in Greece and got bogged down in North Africa.

27
Q

Q: What happened to Italy in the spring of 1943?

A

A: Allied forces drove Italy out of Africa and landed in Sicily, leading to Mussolini’s deposition by the Fascist Grand Council and the king.

28
Q

Q: How did Hitler respond to Mussolini’s deposition?

A

A: Hitler sent German troops to rescue Mussolini, setting him up as head of a new Italian republic in Salò.

29
Q

Q: What was the fate of Mussolini at the end of World War II?

A

A: Mussolini and his mistress were captured and executed by Italian Resistance forces.

30
Q

Q: How is Mussolini remembered in history?

A

A: He remains a figure of contradictions: a socialist who turned Fascist, who was both ridiculed and revered, and a family man who had several mistresses.

31
Q

Q: What was Churchill’s view of Mussolini, and what led to Mussolini’s downfall?

A

A: Churchill saw Mussolini as a bulwark against communism, but Mussolini’s alliance with Hitler proved to be his downfall.

32
Q

Q: Where was Adolf Hitler’s mountain retreat located?

A

A: Hitler’s retreat was at Berchtesgaden, in Bavaria.

33
Q

Q: Who was often the subject of the home movies taken at Hitler’s retreat?

A

A: Eva Braun, Hitler’s lover, frequently filmed him for home movies.

34
Q

Q: How did the war’s progression by 1944 affect Hitler’s time at the Eagles Nest?

A

A: As the war situation worsened with losses in North Africa and the Allied invasion of Italy, Hitler began to hold more strategic meetings at the Eagles Nest.

35
Q

Q: Despite the daily bombings in Germany, why was Hitler spared from these attacks at his retreat?

A

A: The Eagles Nest’s location in Bavaria spared it from the daily bombings ravaging most of Germany.

36
Q

Q: How did Hitler maintain appearances during the war?

A

A: He continued to meet with heads of state and portray an upbeat, confident leader to the German public.

37
Q

Q: What was Hitler’s demeanor like in person according to reports?

A

A: Despite his reputation as an irrational madman, he was reported to be extremely charismatic in person.

38
Q

Q: How did Hitler use his charisma in the 1920s?

A

A: He charmed the masses and used his appeal as grist for the Nazi propaganda mill.

39
Q

Q: What strategic error did Hitler make according to his generals?

A

A: He began overriding his generals’ decisions and running the war efforts single-handedly.

40
Q

Q: What effect did managing the war have on Hitler?

A

A: It took a toll on his nerves, as he barely slept and paid attention to every detail on both the Western and Eastern fronts.

41
Q

Q: What was Hitler’s plan for repelling the Allied landings?

A

A: He hoped to repel the Allies at the Atlantic Wall so he could transfer troops to the Eastern Front to attack the Soviets, potentially turning the tide of the war.

42
Q

Q: What did Hitler believe the outcome of the war hinged upon?

A

A: He believed it would come down to one great battle that would determine the future of civilization.

American History (41 decks)

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