Lesson 6.3, 6.4 test Flashcards
Which policy, adopted by President Wilson, focused on promoting democratic ideals abroad?
Answer: Moral diplomacy.
In which Asian nation did the U.S. suppress an insurrection after the Spanish-American War?
Answer: The Philippines.
What was the significance of the Foraker Act?
Answer: It established a civilian government in Puerto Rico, which had become a U.S. territory.
Why did the U.S. want to maintain an Open Door in China?
Answer: To ensure access to China’s lucrative market without having to control parts of the country directly.
Which U.S. president is associated with the saying, “Speak softly and carry a big stick”?
Answer: Theodore Roosevelt.
How did the acquisition of the Panama Canal Zone impact U.S. foreign relations?
Answer: strained relations with Latin American
enhanced the U.S.’s strategic position globally.
Why did the U.S. show interest in territories like Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
Answer: They held strategic military and economic importance.
What was the key purpose of the Monroe Doctrine before the Roosevelt Corollary was added?
Answer: To warn European powers against further colonization in the Americas.
Who was Emilio Aguinaldo?
Answer: A Filipino revolutionary leader who fought first against Spain and then against U.S. colonization.
Which U.S. president implemented the policy of Dollar Diplomacy?
Answer: William Howard Taft.
Why was the sinking of the USS Maine controversial
Answer: The cause of the explosion was unclear, but it was used as a rallying cry for war against Spain.
What was the purpose of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
Answer: To justify U.S. intervention in Latin American countries if they were seen as “wrongdoing.”
Why did Queen Liliuokalani oppose U.S. influence in Hawaii
Answer: She wanted to protect the rights and culture of the native Hawaiians against American annexation.
How did U.S. imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries impact global politics?
Answer: It marked the rise of the U.S. as a global power, challenging traditional European imperial powers.
Which event marked the end of traditional isolationism in U.S. foreign policy?
Answer: The Spanish-American War.
What strategic advantage did the Panama Canal provide the U.S.?
Answer: faster movement of naval and commercial ships between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
What role did the Platt Amendment play in U.S.-Cuban relations
Answer: significant influence over Cuban affairs, even after Cuba’s independence.
What did the Panama Canal provide the U.S. Navy?
Answer: A way to link the east and west coasts of the United States.
What total distance in feet do ships cover in locks during their transit through the Panama Canal?
Answer: 170 feet.
How does the ship elevation change in the Gatun Locks?
Answer: Ships are lifted to the level of Gatun Lake.
What is the next waterway after ships cross the Gatun Lake?
Answer: The Gaillard Cut.
Before the Panama Canal opened, what significant change in route occurred for ships traveling from New York to San Francisco?
Answer: They had to navigate around the tip of South America
Why was the USS Arizona significant in the context of the Panama Canal in 1921?
Answer: The USS Arizona passed through the Panama Canal.
Which amendment discussed the annexation of the Philippines?
Answer: The Teller Amendment.
Who were the leaders of Cuba and the Philippines that you are asked to compare and contrast in the assessment?
Answer: José Martí of Cuba and Emilio Aguinaldo of the Philippines.
What naval theory did Admiral Alfred T. Mahan advocate for?
Answer: Building up the U.S. naval power for global influence.
What sparked the war between Russia and Japan in the early 20th century?
Answer: Rival imperialist ambitions in East Asia.
What year did the Treaty of Paris get signed, ending the Spanish-American War?
Answer: 1898.
How did Queen Liliuokalani’s views differ from American imperialists’?
Answer: She wanted to restore native Hawaiian control, while imperialists sought control over Hawaii.
What ideas about Cuba contributed to American sentiment towards the Spanish-American War?
Answer: Cuban independence
atrocities committed in Cuba
How were the cultural justifications for imperialism similar to those for practices against minority groups in the U.S.?
Answer:
cultural superiority
civilizing missions
Who advocated for the annexation of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
Answer: Pro-imperialists in the U.S. government and military.
Why might the construction of the Panama Canal be considered a marvel of engineering?
Answer: Due to its ability to lift and lower ships between two oceans, drastically reducing travel time.
What did Woodrow Wilson prioritize in his foreign policy approach?
Answer:
moral diplomacy
values over economic interests.
How was religion used to promote imperialism?
Answer:
civilizing
converting non-Christian populations.
What role did the Boxer Rebellion play in global politics?
Answer:
resistance against foreign imperialism
Christianity in China
international intervention.
Why would a powerful navy be crucial for imperialist ambitions?
Answer: A strong navy allows for protection and control of overseas territories and trade routes.
Why was the U.S. interested in events in Puerto Rico during the imperialist era?
Answer: strategic and economic importance
How did European imperialism directly impact the U.S.?
Answer:
created rivalries
opened opportunities for the U.S.
Why did the U.S. not immediately annex the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
Answer:
debate over the moral and strategic implications annexing
What role did yellow journalism play in the Spanish-American War?
Answer: Sensationalized events and swayed public opinion in favor of war.
Who was José Martí?
Answer: A Cuban revolutionary leader and poet who advocated for Cuban independence from Spain.
How did the Spanish-American War affect the U.S.’s standing as a global power?
Answer: U.S. as a world power with overseas territories.
What did the Treaty of Paris in 1898 result in?
Answer:
Ended the Spanish-American War
resulted in the U.S. acquiring territories like the Philippines.
What does the term “imperialism” mean?
Answer: Extending a nation’s power/influence through diplomacy or military force.
How did the annexation of the Philippines impact America’s global influence?
Answer:
Expanded U.S. territorial
strategic influence in Asia.
Why was the U.S. interested in constructing the Panama Canal?
Answer: To shorten the maritime route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, facilitating faster trade and military movement.
Who were the main authors of yellow journalism?
Answer: Newspaper tycoons like William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.
How did the Treaty of Paris change the territorial holdings of the U.S.?
Answer: The U.S. acquired territories like the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.
What was the significance of Queen Liliuokalani in the context of Hawaii?
Answer: She was the last reigning monarch of Hawaii and opposed its annexation by the U.S.
What was the status of Cuba after the Spanish-American War?
Answer: Cuba remained a US protectorate.
What are some positive outcomes of the occupation in Cuba?
Answer: Built schools, improved sanitation, helped farmers, and improved medicine.
In 1900, what Amendment did Cuba adopt with US guidance?
Answer: Platt Amendment.
What restriction did the Platt Amendment place on Cuba regarding treaties?
Answer: Cuba could not make/sign their own treaties.
According to the Platt Amendment, what right did the US have concerning Cuba?
The US had the right to intervene in Cuba.
What was Cuba’s financial restriction under the Platt Amendment?
Answer: Cuba could not go into debt.
Where did the US get permission to build a naval station under the Platt Amendment?
Answer: Guantanamo Bay.
For how long did Cuba become a US protectorate starting from 1902?
Answer: 31 years.
Why did the US heavily invest in Cuba?
Answer: The US wanted protection for its investments.
Who opposed the US occupation/annexation in the Philippines?
Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo.
What uniuqea about the terrain during the Philippine-American war?
Answer: Difficult terrain due to the many islands.
How did the US suppress Filipino insurrections?
Answer: Brutally.
What action did Americans take that resulted in thousands of Filipino deaths?
Answer: Forced Filipinos into concentration camps.
How many Filipino lives were lost in the war?
Answer: 200,000 Filipino lives.
How many American lives were lost in the war?
Answer: 4,000 American lives.
What was the cost of the Philippine-American war?
Answer: $400,000,000.
Who was in charge during the military rule in the Philippines?
Answer: Arthur MacArthur.
What challenges faced the Philippine rule under MacArthur and Taft?
Answer: Many islands were still fighting, and MacArthur and Taft often disagreed.
What characterized the government under the Philippine Government Act?
Answer: Civilian rule.
Who was the governor under the Philippine Government Act?
Answer: William Howard Taft.
Who appointed the governor and the Senate (upper house) under the Philippine Government Act?
Answer: The US president.
How were representatives of the lower house chosen under the Philippine Government Act?
Answer: They were voted in by Filipinos.
What change in Filipino representation occurred with the Jones Act of 1916?
Answer: All parts of the Filipino government were voted in by Filipinos, including the Senate and Governor.
What policy is associated with President Roosevelt?
Big Stick Policy
Which president is linked to “Dollar Diplomacy”?
Taft
Who replaced European loans for American?
Taft
What kind of diplomacy is linked to Wilson?
Missionary Diplomacy
What did Wilson deny recognition to?
Immoral undemocratic Latin American countries
Who are considered the highest social class, born in Europe, in Latin America?
Peninsulares
Who are the Europeans descended in Latin America?
Creoles
What is the term for people of Native American and European descent in Latin America?
Mestizos
Who are described as of African and European descent in Latin America?
Mulattoes
How are racially pure native people referred to in Latin America?
Indian
Who were previously slaves in Latin America?
African
Who was the president before the Mexican Revolution?
Porfirio Diaz
Who succeeded President Diaz during the Mexican Revolution?
Francisco Madero
After Madero, who took the presidency during the Mexican Revolution?
Victoriano Huerta
How did President Diaz use foreign investments?
To line his pockets and keep the 85% oppressed.
Who ousted Madero, leading to the beginning of the revolution?
Victoriano Huerta
What was the result of international pressure and the USS Dolphin incident?
Huerta resigns.
Which conference involved ABC Powers - Argentina, Brazil, and Chile?
Niagara Falls Conference
Who took the presidency after Huerta and made Pancho Villa angry?
Venustiano Carranza
Where did Villa’s men invade, killing Americans?
Columbus, N.M.
Who did President Wilson send after Pancho Villa?
John Pershing
What was the Mexican demand when the U.S. entered WWI?
Remove American troops
Why did Wilson withdraw troops from Mexico?
Due to WWI
