EOC Vocabulary #5 Flashcards
A marked rise in birthrate, such as what was seen in the U.S. immediately following the end of World War II.
Answer: Baby Boom
An area in Southeastern Europe known for numerous ethnic conflicts due to religious and ethnic groups occupying space in close proximity; the most recent war was settled in 1995 at the Dayton Accords.
Answer: Balkans
A leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1960s who co-founded the National Organization of Women and wrote the book “The Feminine Mystique”.
Answer: Betty Friedan
A policy stated by the 43rd president of the U.S. that America has the right to protect itself against countries that harbor or knowingly give aid to terrorist groups, used to justify the American invasion of Afghanistan in 2001.
Answer: Bush Doctrine
A political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, stressing established institutions, and preferring gradual development to abrupt change; specifically advocating a strong national defense and individual financial responsibility for personal needs.
Answer: Conservatism
The transference of rights, powers, property, or responsibility to another; especially, the surrender of powers to local authorities by a central government.
Answer: Devolution
A day set aside for environmental education, celebrated annually on April 22.
Answer: Earth Day
A person or policy that reflects a desire to keep the earth from ecological damage and destruction.
Answer: Environmentalism
A federal agency established in 1970 responsible for the regulation of water and air pollution, toxic waste, pesticides, and radiation.
Answer: Environmental Protection Agency
The killing or forcible removal of people of different ethnicities from an area by aggressors so that only the ethnic group of the aggressors remains.
Answer: Ethnic Cleansing
The revolutionary wave that took place from 1989 until approximately 1992 that led to the collapse of the Eastern Soviet Bloc.
Answer: Fall of Communism
The belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men.
Answer: Feminism
A reform policy in the Soviet Union that began a series of reforms to open the government to greater transparency and freedom of expression, as well as attempts to restructure the Soviet economy into greater democratic and free-market reforms.
Answer: Glasnost/Perestroika
The preponderant influence or authority over others, whether in social, cultural, ideological, or economic spheres.
Answer: Hegemony
The sector of the economy dedicated to the most advanced material available, often referring to the advancement of computers and the digital age.
Answer: High Tech Industry
An ethnic minority group in the Middle East that lives in present-day Turkey, Northern Iraq, Western Iran, and Northern Syria.
Answer: Kurds
The set of official policies whereby a central authority controls the distribution and dissemination of a nation’s currency, often to combat inflation or interest rates.
Answer: Monetary Policy
A proposed form of government healthcare where the federal government provides medical care subsidized by the taxpayers, with care being provided by private industry, or a combination of the two.
Answer: National Health Care
A theory developed by John Locke stating that all people are born with certain natural rights, including the right to life, liberty, and property.
Answer: Natural Rights
The practice of hiring a third party outside of the company to perform services that were traditionally done in-house, often to reduce costs; sometimes criticized for outsourcing jobs overseas.
Answer: Outsourcing
The belief that preemptive action is justified in order to prevent a potential threat or attack from another country.
Answer: Preemptive War
A rapid increase in the production and dissemination of weapons, whether conventional or nuclear, to potentially hostile groups.
Answer: Proliferation
The act of redrawing electoral district boundaries to benefit a political party, typically to gain more seats in a legislative body.
Answer: Reapportionment
The northeastern and midwestern states of the U.S. where heavy industry has declined, also known as the “rust bowl”.
Answer: Rust Belt
A group that chooses to withdraw from mainstream society in protest of existing social norms.
Answer: Separatism
The sector of the economy that is concerned with providing services, such as customer support, rather than manufacturing goods.
Answer: Service Economy
A region of the U.S. characterized by a mild winter climate and rapid population growth, especially from 1970 to 1990.
Answer: Sunbelt
A nation or group of nations that has significant influence over others, often used in the context of the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
Answer: Superpower(s)
An Islamic fundamentalist faction that ruled Afghanistan before being ousted by a coalition led by the United States.
Answer: Taliban
A corporation that operates across national boundaries, having interests in several different countries.
Answer: Transnational Business Organization
A labor union established by Cesar Chavez, aiming to improve working conditions for farmworkers.
Answer: United Farm Workers
Legislation enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, aiming to strengthen national security.
Answer: U.S. Patriot Act
The additional funds available for other purposes when a nation’s military spending is decreased.
Answer: Peace Dividend
The main minority group in Rwanda and Burundi, who have historically been cattle farmers and were targeted in the genocide that occurred in Rwanda in 1994.
Answer: Tutsi
