Microbes In Oral Health And Disease Flashcards
What happens when the relationship moves more towards mutualism
When the relationship moves in this direction reestablishment of a healthy host occurs
What happens when the relationship moves more towards parasitism
When the relationship moves in this direction the infectious disease process begins
What are the pros of the balance of disease
- immune system
- vaccines
- Antimicrobial agents
What are the cons of the balance of disease
- immuno suppression
- virulence factors
- resistance
What are some contributors to oral health
- integrity of oral mucosa
- lymphoid tissue
- saliva
- gingival crevicular fluid
- humoral and cellular immunity
What are the protective barriers of oral mucosa
- saliva
- keratin layer
- grandular layer
- basement membrane
- leukocytes
- antibodies
Host immune system - innate
- barriers
- non specific cellular
- inflammation
Host immune system - acquired
- specific
- memory
- T cell and B cell
Describe the mechanical cleansing action of saliva
Muscular movements, in conjunction with saliva, maintain hygiene in accessible areas of mouth, swallowed microbes are inactivated in the stomach
Lyzosome
Bactericidal, by splitting the N - acetyl glucosamine and N - acetyl muramic acid in the cell wall
Describe some features of pathogens that allow them to invade the immune system
- ubiquitous
- diverse
- adaptable
Life cycle of a parasite
1) Enters/attaches to host
2) consolidation/multiplication in host
3) causes harm - if not removed
4) release from host - if it doesn’t have the nutrients to survive
5) dissemination and transmission
6) parasite
What are some virulence factors of parasites
- motility
- adhesion
- colonisation
- invasion
- spread
How many microorganisms by millilitre of saliva
10*8 microorganisms per millilitre of saliva
How many cultivable bacterial species in saliva
350
What bacteria can cause dental caries
- streptococcus mutants
- lactobacillus species
- actinomycetes species
Describe the initial lesion when periodontal disease is starting
Within 4 days of plaque accumulation there is acute inflammation, inflammatory cells occupy 5-10% of gingival connective tissues
Describe the early lesion when periodontal disease is present
After 7 days of plaque accumulation, predominance of lymphocytes and macrophages, inflammatory cells occupy 15% of gingival connective tissue,early collagen destruction
Describe the established lesion when periodontal disease is present
Predominance of plasma cells, proliferation of dentogingival epithelium to form pocket epithelium
What is hyperplastic gingivtits
An oral condition that causes the gums to overgrow in response to plaque
What are endodontic infections derived from
Endogenous micro flora
Name some purulent infections
- abscesses
- pus forming
- intra/extra oral swelling
What can cause infection in the pulp
- periodontitis
- caries
Why can abscesses kill you
Can cause sepsis
What is haemotagenous spread
Originating in the blood or spread through the blood stream
Classification of oral candosis
Confined to the mouth and commissaries
Pseudomembranous - thrush
Erythematous - atrophic, denture related
Hyperplastic angular chellitis - Candidal leukoplakia
Generalised Candidosis with oral manifestations
Chronic mucocutanous
