MEDIA THEORISTS Flashcards
What is Barthes theory?
semiotics - texts communicate their meanings through a process of signs
Order of signs: denotation, connotation, myth, ideology
What is Neales theory?
Genre theory - genres change, develop, as they borrow from and overlap with one another.
Genres may be dominated by repetition, but are also marked by difference, variation and change.
What is Levi-strauss theory?
Structuralism - texts can be understood through examining their structure. Meaning is dependent upon binary oppositions; these binary oppositions have ideological significance.
What is baudrillards theory?
Postmodernism - the boundaries between the real world and the world of media are no longer distinguishable.
Simulacra = a world of images which aren’t ‘real’
Hyperreality = images more real than reality
What is Todorov’s theory?
Narratology - all narratives share a basic structure = equilibrium, disruption, new equilibrium
What is Propps theory?
Character theory - villain, hero, donor, helper, princess, father, dispatcher, false hero
What are all the theorists and theories for media language?
- Barthes - semiotics
- Neale - genre theory
- Levi-strauss - structuralism
- Baudrillard - postmodernism
- Todorov - Narratology
- Propp - character theory
What is Halls theory?
Representation - representation is the product of meaning through language and codes. Stereotyping reduces people to a few traits.
What is Gauntletts theory?
Identity - the media provides use with tools that we use to construct our identities
What is butlers theory?
Gender performativity - identity is constructed by the expressions that are said.
What is Mulveys theory?
The male gaze - the audience view characters from the perspective of a heterosexual male, the women are heavily sexualised.
What are the theorists for media representation?
- Hall - representation
- Gauntlett - identity
- Butler - gender performativity
- Mulvey - the male gaze
What is Gerbners theory?
Cultivation - exposure to repeated patterns of representation over long periods of time can shape and influence the way in which people percieve the world.
What is jenkins theory?
Fandom - fans are active participants in the construction and circulation of meanings.
Textual poaching: fans appropriate texts and read them in ways that aren’t authorisied by creators
Participatory culture: fans constrcut their social/cultural identities through mass culture images
What is Shirkys theory?
End of audience - the internet/digital technologies have had a profound effect on the relations between media and individuals.
Audience members as passive consumers of mass media is no longer tenable in the age of the internet.
