Marxists on why WCC and CC are Problematic Flashcards
Why are White Collar and Corporate Crimes problematic for society according to Marxists?
It is unlikely the offenders will be charged
Who created the concept of white collar crime?
Sutherland
How did Sutherland define white collar crime?
Crimes committed by upper class people in powerful positions for personal benefit
Name 2 groups of people that can be impacted by corporate crimes
Employees, Customers
How many people became unemployed when Enron was exposed?
29,000
Why did Enron create fake accounts?
To transfer money to them
What would feminists say about the gender of who will commit WCC and CC in the present day?
Women are more likely to commit WCC and CC
What does Adler argue?
The Feminist movement has encouraged more women to get jobs
What is Adler’s theory called?
Liberation theory
What does it mean if more women are in jobs in terms of committing WCC/CC?
They have more opportunities to commit WCC/CC
Why will masculine traits spread to more women if they are employed?
Because they are encouraged to be competitive to increase sales
Name 2 White Collar Crimes
Embezzlement, Fraud
Who are laws designed to benefit according to Marxists?
Ruling class
What does Snider argue?
Because Corporations play a large role in taxes, governments are reluctant to pass laws against them
What can corporations threaten to do in countries?
Cease their operations in a country
Why might any laws passed to regulate big businesses not be enforced?
It further discourages business operations in the country
What year was the Grenfell Tower incident?
2017
Why did the government not act on the 2002 report?
Regulations on cladding types to be used by business would discourage their operations in the UK
What did the government receive in 2002?
A report that said certain types of cladding were very flammable
When was legislation finally passed to make the Grenfell Tower form of cladding illegal?
2022
What would Functionalists say in response to Marxists’ Negativity about crime?
They ignore the positive functions of crime
What does Clinard say?
Crime must happen to show there are problems in society
What does it mean if a reason for someone committing a crime can be found?
There can be ways to change the institution to reduce crime
What problem would there be if there was lots of truancy in schools?
Students would not be in school often
What did Croall say about white collar and corporate crimes?
These types of crimes are rarely prosecuted or not discovered
According to Croall, do corporate or street crimes cause greater harm?
Corporate Crimes
Which class is more likely to commit crimes that have less financial benefit
Working class
What type of crime was the BP Spill?
Corporate Crime
How many barrels of oil spilt into the water a day?
90,000
What caused the oil spill?
Weakened drill pipe
What was the consequence of this spill for the CEO of BP?
They did not go to jail
What would Interactionists say about Marxists believing the ruling class are protected from prosecution?
This is because of labelling by the police and courts
Who came up with the “typical delinquent” stereotype police follow?
Cicourel
Why would the police be more likely to report a working class person from an ethnic minority?
Because these groups of people have been labelled as more likely to commit crimes
Which parts of society will be impacted by corporate crimes the most?
The poorest parts of society
What was the purpose of the Thalidomide drug?
To stop morning sickness
Who argues the poorest in society are more likely to experience consequences of buying cheap products?
Box
How many infants died due to the Thalidomide drug?
10,000
Was the Thalidomide drug cheap? What does this mean?
It was cheap, meaning poorer people were more likely to buy it
What incident occurred here in Bhopal?
Gas leak
Why did this incident relate to the poorest people of society being victims?
The poorest people in society lived near where the gas leak occurred
How many people were killed by the gas leak?
15,000
What happened to the company that caused the gas leak?
They were not prosecuted
Who created the triple systems theory?
Walby
What would Intersectional Feminists say about Marxists stating working class people are likely to be corporate crime victims?
They do not take ethnicity and gender into account
Which 3 things make up the triple systems theory?
Capitalism, Patriarchy, Institutional Racism
What does the triple systems theory say about who is most likely to commit crime?
Working class women from ethnic minority groups are most likely to be victims of crime
Which Marxists argued it was difficult to charge offenders for WCC/CC
Croall
Why are corporate crimes being highly complex a reason offenders wont be charged?
Victims will not realise they have been victims of a crime
Why are victims and offenders rarely coming face to face a reason offenders wont be charged?
Victims will not know who the offenders are so will not report them
Why is responsibility being diffused in a corporate crime a reason offenders wont be charged?
Because businesses employ so many people it is difficult to determine the main offenders
What crime did Volkswagen commit?
They reduced emissions for their cars while they were being tested
Why would it be difficult for individuals to be charged as offenders for the Volkswagen scandal?
Many managers and engineers would have played a role in the crime
How does this crime relate to the reponsibility diffusion?
So many people played a role in the crime that its difficult to classify the main offenders
How does this crime relate to knowledge of it being highly complex for victims?
The crime was very technical so victims may not realise a crime has been committed
Why will offenders and victims not come face to face with Volkswagen for this crime?
Because victims may not know they are a victim
How would this crime impact the environment?
The environment would be harmed more by the increased emissions
Which theory did Adler create?
Liberation Theory
Which Feminist would say charging offenders of WCC/CC have become more difficult?
Adler
What does liberation theory say?
Women now spend less time in the domestic role and are more likely to have jobs
What does it mean for crime opportunities if more women are in jobs?
They have more opportunities to commit crimes
Name 2 types of WCC’s women may engage in at a job
Fraud, Embezzlement
Why are masculine traits encouraged to women in the workplace?
So that they can push more sales for the company
