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Sociology - Crime and Deviance > Left Realists on Crime and Deviance > Flashcards

Left Realists on Crime and Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

Which Left Realists felt Right Realist approach to crime was too harsh?

A

Lea and Young

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2
Q

What did Lea and Young argue about Marxist solutions to crime?

A

They were not realistic

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3
Q

What do Lea and Young argued Marxist solutions to crime overlooked?

A

The impacts that crime had on working class people

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4
Q

Who conducted the Islington Crime Survey?

A

Young

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5
Q

What was the main social class of people living in Islington?

A

Working Class

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5
Q

How many times higher than the national average was the Islington burglary rate?

A

5 times higher

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6
Q

What fraction of households in the Islington Crime Survey had been involved in serious crime in the past year?

A

1/3

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6
Q

What 2 types of crimes do Marxists say Left Realists ignore the impact of on working class individuals?

A

White collar crimes, corporate crimes

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7
Q

Which Marxist said corporate crimes had more negative impact than street crimes?

A

Snider

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8
Q

Why do Marxists argue corporate crimes impact more people negatively than street crime?

A

A larger amount of people could be affected by corporate crimes

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8
Q

What happened in Bhopal?

A

There was a pesticide gas leak

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9
Q

What was the impact for villagers in Bhopal of the gas leak in terms of their health?

A

They developed cancer

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10
Q

What was the impact for children in Bhopal of the gas leak?

A

They got brain damage

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11
Q

What do Lea and Young argue would happen with crime if all working class people experienced material deprivation in the same way?

A

All working class people would commit crimes

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12
Q

Which Marxist argued the poorest in society were more likely to buy the cheapest and unsafe products?

A

Box

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12
Q

What form of deprivation do Left Realists argue causes Black youths to commit crime?

A

Relative deprivation

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13
Q

What is relative deprivation?

A

When the way people see their deprivation differs for each person

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14
Q

What did the social activist, Akala talk about in his song Absolute Power?

A

The frustration of relative deprivation

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14
Q

How might black youths experience relative deprivation?

A

If they see middle class white people own things that they cannot afford

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15
Q

Roughly quote a line from “Absolute Power”

A

“Go to Glastonbury any year and you will see unlike Notting Hill Carnival it’s not a place where police will be”

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16
Q

What does this line from “Absolute Power” mean?

A

Police are more likely to be present at a festival with more black people attending than white people

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17
Q

Who did Chambliss study?

A

The Saints and the Roughnecks

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17
Q

What would Interactionists say Left Realists ignore the impact of for working class people?

A

The impact of labelling on working class people

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18
Q

What did Chambliss find with the labelling of the Saints?

A

They were not labelled negatively

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19
Q

What was the social class of the Saints?

A

Upper class

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20
Q

What did Chambliss find with the labelling of the Roughnecks?

A

They were labelled negatively

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21
Q
A
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21
Q

Name 2 authority figures in Chambliss’ study that labelled the 2 groups

A

Police, Teachers

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22
Q

What was the social class of the Roughnecks?

A

Working class

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23
Q

What do Left Realists argue is the result of marginalisation of Black Youths?

A

It causes them to commit crimes

24
Q

What will be the impact of black youths being marginalised in education according to Lea and Young?

A

They will get less qualifications

25
Q

What will happen with black youths’ view on society if they are constantly negatively treated?

A

They will feel hostile towards society

26
Q

What does other sociological research argue about why Black youths may feel marginalised?

A

It is due to them being discriminated against by the police

27
Q

Which report found institutional racism in the police?

A

The MacPherson report

28
Q

What was the MacPherson report created after?

A

The killing of Stephen Lawrence by the police

29
Q

What did the MacPherson report find about why the police did not investigate the Stephen Lawrence murder further?

A

It was because he was black

29
Q

How many times more likely are Black people to be stopped and searched according to 2020 Home Office Data?

A

9 times more likely

30
Q

Why do Left Realists argue working class Black youths commit crime in relation to consuming?

A

There is a pressure in society for them to consume

31
Q

What does Young argue about the consumer culture of society?

A

People will only feel good if they continue to buy new products

32
Q

Name a new technological product that emphasises encouragement to consume in society

A

Iphone 16

33
Q

Name 2 agents of socialisation that force people in society to consume

A

Media, Peers

34
Q

What will middle class parents be more able to do in relation to purchasing consumer goods for children?

A

Be able to afford them

35
Q

What will working class Black parents be less able to do in relation to purchasing consumer goods for children?

A

Be unable to afford them

36
Q

If Black youths want to buy something but can’t afford it, what will they be more likely to do?

A

Try and steal it

36
Q

What would Feminists argue Left Realists fail to explain?

A

Why men commit crimes against women

36
Q

Why do men commit domestic abuse according to Dobash and Dobash?

A

They feel they have the ‘right to discipline’ their wives

37
Q

What do Left Realists believe is the impact of relative deprivation, marginalisation and the value of consuming on black youths in terms of youth cultures?

A

They will join a deviant youth culture

38
Q

What did Harding study?

A

He studied county lines gangs

39
Q

What did Harding find the county lines gangs did with young people?

A

Exploited them to sell drugs

39
Q

Which Left Realists said working class youths will experience problems of living in a capitalist society if it is based on consumer culture?

A

Lea and Young

39
Q

Which analogy did Harding create?

A

Casino analogy

39
Q

What does Harding’s analogy say?

A

Young people feel they are winning by getting money from being in gangs, when they are actually losing

40
Q

How would Functionalists agree with the argument that WC youths face the problems of living in a consumer culture?

A

That working class youths feel frustrated over their position

40
Q

Who created the concept of status frustration?

A

Cohen

41
Q

What did Cohen find in his study of status frustration?

A

Working class youths resorted to deviant behaviour when they felt unable to improve their status in the education system

42
Q

Name 2 forms of behaviour the boys in Cohen’s study did they follow?

A

Vandalism, Violence

43
Q

What did the working class boys in Cohen’s study fully do with middle class norms and values?

A

Deviated on them fully

44
Q

What do Left Realists say is the most effective solution to reduce crime?

A

Community Crime Prevention

45
Q

What does Community Crime Prevention mean?

A

Improving the lives of people in neighbourhoods to reduce crime

46
Q

Who argued Community Crime Prevention can be done through policing?

A

Lea and Young

47
Q

What percentage of crimes are cleared up by the police due to information from the public?

A

90%

47
Q

What could police find out from the public to reduce crime?

A

Find out what the most common crimes are

47
Q

What form of police officers would Left Realists argue would be best for hiring?

A

Police Community Support Officers

48
Q

What will Police Community Support Officers be able to do in terms of trust with local communities?

A

Build trust with local communities

49
Q

What do Left Realists argue the government need to implement to reduce crime in young people?

A

Schemes to keep them in education longer

50
Q

Name a government scheme that kept young people in school longer and the year it was introduced

A

Education Maintenance Allowance, 1999

51
Q

What did the Education Maintenance Allowance scheme do?

A

Gave 16-19 year olds £30 a week to put towards school equipment if they attended all of their lessons

52
Q

How did the EMA reduce crime in the short term?

A

Young people would be going to all of their lessons

53
Q

How did the EMA reduce crime in the long term?

A

They went on to get better qualifications in school and get good jobs

54
Q

What would Marxists argue about proposed Left Realists reforms?

A

They would not have a big enough impact

55
Q

Which Marxist argued crime is caused by the hegemonic values of capitalism?

A

Chambliss

56
Q

What are 2 hegemonic values of Capitalism according to Chambliss?

A

Greed, Competitiveness

57
Q

How will Greed under the EMA scheme mean young people are not benefitted by it?

A

They could use the money they were given to not buy education equipment

Sociology - Crime and Deviance (186 decks)

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